Understanding Ecological Succession

What is the main difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary succession occurs in areas with existing soil, while secondary succession starts on bare rock.

• Primary succession starts on bare rock, while secondary succession occurs in areas with existing soil.

• Both primary and secondary succession start on bare rock.

• Both primary and secondary succession occur in areas with existing soil.

Which of the following is an example of primary succession?

• A forest regrowing after a wildfire.

• Lichens growing on a newly formed volcanic island.

• Grass growing in a field after a flood.

• A garden being planted in a backyard.

Which of the following is an example of secondary succession?

• Mosses colonizing a lava flow.

• Trees growing in a forest after a hurricane.

• Algae growing on a new rock surface.

• Plants growing on a glacier retreat.

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What is a pioneer species?

• A species that is the last to colonize an area.

• A species that is the first to colonize a barren environment.

• A species that only grows in water.

• A species that is found only in rainforests.

Which of the following is a common pioneer species in primary succession?

• Oak trees

• Lichens

• Pine trees

• Roses

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What is eutrophication?

• The process of soil formation.

• The process of nutrient enrichment in water bodies.

• The process of rock formation.

• The process of plant growth in deserts.

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What is a common effect of eutrophication in lakes?

• Increased fish population.

• Decreased algae growth.

• Oxygen depletion.

• Clearer water.

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Which of the following can lead to eutrophication?

• Planting trees.

• Excessive use of fertilizers.

• Building roads.

• Reducing water pollution.

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of primary succession?

• Occurs on newly exposed surfaces.

• Involves pioneer species like lichens.

• Starts with existing soil.

• Takes a long time to develop.

Which of the following is a characteristic of secondary succession?

• Begins on bare rock.

• Occurs after a disturbance in an area with existing soil.

• Involves the formation of new soil.

• Only occurs in aquatic environments.