Unit 4 Topic II WH

What is the most likely source of this quotation? (WH.1D)

“Unless I am convinced by proofs from scriptures [in Bible] or by plain and clear reasons and arguments, I can and will not retract, for it is neither safe nor wise to do anything against conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other. God help me. Amen”

• Machiavelli’s recommendations to rulers in The Prince.

• Da Vinci’s description of his new painting style in works like the Mona Lisa.

• Luther’s failure to submit to the Pope’s demands at the Diet of Worms.

• Arguments of Galileo at his trial for accepting the views of Copernicus.

One major characteristic of the Renaissance was that the- (WH. 5A)

• Manor became the main center of economic activity

• Catholic Church lost all its influence in Europe

• Classical cultures of Greece and Rome were studied and imitated

• Major language of the common people was Latin

The ideas presented in this passage by Luther contributed directly to the- “Kings and princes coin money only out of metals, but the pope coins money out of everything - indulgence, ceremonies, dispensations, pardons; all fish come to his net.”

• Mandate of Heaven

• Protestant Reformation

• Renaissance

• Code of Hammurabi

4. The impact Gutenberg had on the Renaissance was:

• He invented the printing press, which facilitated the spread of knowledge.

• He was a famous painter who influenced Renaissance art.

• He led military campaigns that expanded Renaissance territories.

• He was a philosopher who developed new scientific methods.

The Renaissance was a period of cultural, artistic, political, and economic "rebirth" following the Middle Ages. Why did it happen?

• Due to the fall of Constantinople and the rediscovery of Greek and Roman texts

• Because of the Industrial Revolution

• As a result of World War I

• Due to the invention of the internet

The major goal of the Counter-Reformation was to -

• Reach a compromise with European Protestants.

• Reduce the authority of absolute monarchs.

• Reinstate the power of the Roman Catholic Church

• Encourage new ideas in science and philosophy

Writing of Baron Charles de Montesquieu exercised great influence on the framers of the US Constitution. Which idea of Montequieu’s was most influential?

• The powers of government must be placed in separate branches to serve as a check against tyranny.

• A government should express the general will of the people it governs.

• Citizens have a right and duty to challenge the actions of a tyrannical king.

• A government must work to protect its citizens’ natural rights, including the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

The Scientific Revolution helped to bring about the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution by:

• introducing new scientific methods and ideas that challenged traditional beliefs

• promoting religious dogma and superstition

• isolating scientific inquiry from practical applications

• discouraging technological advancements

Which Enlightenment thinkers' ideas inspired the leaders of the American and French Revolutions?

• John Locke and Montesquieu

• Voltaire and Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes and Adam Smith

• Kant and Descartes

According to John Locke, what are natural rights and what should happen if the government fails to protect these rights?

• Natural rights are life, liberty, and property; the government should be overthrown if it fails to protect them.

• Natural rights are freedom of speech and religion; the government should be reformed if it fails to protect them.

• Natural rights are equality and justice; the government should be ignored if it fails to protect them.

• Natural rights are peace and security; the government should be supported if it fails to protect them.