Black History #3

1). I was born in 1856 in Pennsylvania. I worked as a shoemaker’s apprentice and  barber before I decided to pursue my education and become a physician. I made  history in 1893 when I performed open heart surgery by repairing the heart of a  man who had been stabbed. I founded Provident Hospital and cofounded the National  Medical Association, a professional organization for Blacks in the medical field. I died  in 1931. 

2). Born in 1904, I am known as the “father of blood banks”. I created the process  the separates plasma from whole blood, allowing it to be stored for long periods of  time or “banked”. The Red Cross still uses my methods today. I died young at age 45  in 1950.

3). I was born in 1899 in Alabama. I changed how medicines are made and sourced  when I figured out how to synthesize medicinal compounds from plants. I died in  1975.  

4) Born in 1925, I really ''lit up” the science community when I discovered the exact  compounds that cause an animal to create and emit light (bioluminescence). I invented  the ATP Florescent Assay that is still used today. I died in 2019. 

5). I was born in 1892 in Seattle, Washington. Although I only lived to age 24, I  made my mark in medical science by creating the “Ball Method”, an effective  treatment for leprosy in the early 20th century. I attended The University of Hawaii  and The University of Washington.

6). I am not a doctor but I was a patient at Johns Hopkins Hospital where I sought  treatment for unexplained bleeding. My cells were taken without my consent to  create a line of cells still used today in cancer and medical research. I was born in  1920. I died at age 31 in 1951 but my cells live on giving me “immortal” life.  (Hint: Google “HeLa cell line”)