AS DNA, Chromosomes, Genes, and Traits

What do genes code for?

• Hormones that regulate mood

• Proteins that perform various functions in the body

• Carbohydrates for energy storage

• Lipids for cell membrane structure

Which of the following is NOT a genetic trait?

• Eye color

• Height

• Age

• Blood type

What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

• RNA serves as a messenger that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

• RNA is responsible for the replication of DNA during cell division.

• RNA acts as a structural component of the ribosome, providing support for protein synthesis.

• RNA is involved in the transport of amino acids to the nucleus for DNA transcription.

What is the significance of mutations in genetics?

• Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits and may contribute to evolution.

• Mutations are always harmful and lead to genetic disorders.

• Mutations have no effect on the traits of an organism.

• Mutations are only beneficial in certain environments.

What is the role of chromosomes in genetics?

• Chromosomes are structures that organize and carry genetic information in the form of genes.

• Chromosomes are responsible for the production of proteins in the cell.

• Chromosomes are involved in the digestion of nutrients in the body.

• Chromosomes help in the transportation of oxygen in the blood.

What is a genetic trait?

• A characteristic or feature of an organism that is inherited from its parents, such as eye color or height.

• A random mutation that occurs in an organism's DNA.

• A behavior that is learned from the environment.

• A temporary condition that affects an organism's appearance.

What is the structure of DNA called?

• Single helix

• Triple helix

• Double helix

• Circular structure

What is a phenotype?

• The genetic makeup of an organism.

• The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

• The process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring.

• The study of how organisms interact with their environment.

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

• sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base

• sugar, protein, and a nitrogenous base

• sugar, phosphate, and an amino acid

• sugar, lipid, and a nitrogenous base

What is the difference between a gene and a chromosome?

• A gene is a long strand of DNA that contains many traits, while a chromosome is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.

• A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait, while a chromosome is a long strand of DNA that contains many genes.

• A gene is a type of chromosome that only exists in humans, while a chromosome is a universal structure found in all living organisms.

• A gene is a small part of a chromosome that has no function, while a chromosome is a functional unit of heredity.