Protein Synthesis - Practice

What are the three main components of a nucleotide in DNA and RNA?

• Sugar, amino acid, phosphate
• Sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
• Sugar, lipid, nitrogenous base
• Phosphate, protein, nitrogenous base

How do the nitrogenous bases in DNA pair with each other?

• Adenine–Cytosine, Guanine–Thymine
• Adenine–Guanine, Cytosine–Thymine
• Adenine–Thymine, Cytosine–Guanine
• Adenine–Uracil, Cytosine–Guanine

What is the structural difference between ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA?

• Ribose has an extra phosphate group
• Deoxyribose has one less oxygen atom than ribose
• Ribose contains a nitrogenous base
• Deoxyribose is a protein, while ribose is a sugar

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA, and what does it replace?

• Uracil; replaces thymine
• Cytosine; replaces guanine
• Guanine; replaces adenine
• Thymine; replaces uracil

This what part of the nucleotide?

• Nitrogenous base
• Sugar
• Phosphate group
• amino acid

What is the first step in DNA replication?

• DNA polymerase binds to the strand
• Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix
• Ligase seals the Okazaki fragments
• Primase synthesizes an RNA primer

What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

• It removes RNA primers
• It unwinds the DNA strands
• It synthesizes RNA primers for DNA polymerase to begin replication
• It joins Okazaki fragments together

Which enzyme seals the gaps between Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand?

• DNA polymerase
• Helicase
• Ligase
• Primase

Which enzyme synthesizes the new DNA strand by adding complementary nucleotides?

• Ligase
• Helicase
• DNA polymerase
• Topoisomerase

Which is the third step?

• The DNA helicase unwinds original DNA strand
• DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases
• RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.
• Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand