research methods in psych chp.1

Ways in which a person can know things or discover answers to questions.

• Methods of acquiring knowledge

• applied research

• basic research

What are the different types of methods of acquiring knowledge?

• Method of tenacity

• Method of intuition

• Method of Authority

• Method of Empiricism

• Method of Rationalization

The method of tenacity is...

• Information is only accepted to be true because it has always been believed or because superstition supports it

• Information is accepted on the basis of a hunch or "gut feeling"

• A person relies on information or answers from an expert in a subject area

• A person seeks answers by the use of logical reasoning

• Uses observations or direct sensory experience to obtain knowledge

The method of faith is...

• Information is only accepted to be true because it has always been believed or because superstition supports it

• Information is accepted on the basis of a hunch or "gut feeling"

• A person relies on information or answers from an expert in a subject area

• A person seeks answers by the use of logical reasoning without requiring evidence

• people have unquestioning trust in the authority figure and, therefore, accept info without doubt or challenge.

Two examples of Tenacity are...

• "You cannot teach an old dog new tricks"

• Vaccines are trustable

• "Opposites Attract"

• Cooking without instructions

Problem(s) with Tenacity are...

• Leads to Confirmation/Cognitive Bias

• There is no method to correct erroneous ideas

• there are no problems

• Information acquired may not be accurate

Method of Intuition is...

• you believe something is true even if there is evidence against it.

• information believed from that "gut feeling" or hunch you get.

• Believing something is true just become an expert says so.

• philosophical approach to gain knowledge through reason or logical thinking.

• acquiring knowledge through the senses

Examples of the Method of Intuition are...

• Vibes you get from others

• love at first sight

• Santa Clause/Easter Bunny/Tooth Fairy

• cooking without instructions

What is/are the problem(s) with the Method of Intuition?

• Leads to Confirmation/Cognitive Bias

• Facts tend to be true and are also always in books

• Arguments are set upon the premise that statements are logical from a scientific standpoint of observation

• There is no mechanism for separating accurate from inaccurate knowledge

The Method of Authority is...

• Information that is accepted to be true because it has always been believed or because superstition supports it

• Information based on "gut feelings" or hunches

• Information from experts in a subject area

• a philosophical approach to gaining knowledge and understanding through reason or logical thinking without requiring evidence

• Knowledge gained through our senses