Effects of Exercise on Body Systems

What is the immediate effect of exercise on muscle temperature?

• Muscle temperature decreases

• Muscle temperature remains the same

• Muscle temperature increases

• Muscle temperature fluctuates

Which substance is released in response to high-intensity anaerobic exercise, causing muscle fatigue?

• Carbon dioxide

• Lactic acid

• Oxygen

• Glucose

What is the term used to describe the increase in heart rate just before exercise due to adrenaline release?

• Anticipatory rise

• Cardiac output

• Stroke volume

• Vascular shunt

During exercise, which mechanism redistributes blood from the digestive system to the muscles?

• Vasoconstriction

• Vascular shunt mechanism

• Precapillary sphincters

• Vasodilation

What happens to the arterioles supplying the muscles during exercise?

• They constrict

• They dilate

• They remain unchanged

• They collapse

Which of the following increases in the respiratory system during exercise to meet the demand for oxygen?

• Breathing rate

• Tidal volume

• Minute ventilation

• All of the above

What is muscular hypertrophy?

• Decrease in muscle size

• Increase in muscle size

• Increase in muscle flexibility

• Decrease in muscle strength

What is the term for a resting heart rate below 60 beats per minute in highly trained athletes?

• Tachycardia

• Bradycardia

• Arrhythmia

• Hypertension

Which type of muscle fibres increase in size due to high-intensity anaerobic training?

• Slow twitch fibres

• Fast twitch fibres

• Cardiac fibres

• Smooth muscle fibres

What is the effect of endurance training on muscular endurance?

• Decreases muscular endurance

• No effect on muscular endurance

• Increases muscular endurance

• Only affects muscle strength