The Hydrosphere ESS8.2 #2

How do estuaries provide a healthy habitat for breeding marine life and plants?

• The brackish water is constantly being removed to protect the animals and plants.

• The rivers deposit sediments that are rich with nutrients.

• The area is void of excess sunlight and wind.

• The temperature remains constant.

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Which accurately describes the relationship between nutrients and life-forms in an estuary?

• As nutrients increase, the number of life-forms increases.

• As nutrients decrease, the number of life-forms increases.

• As nutrients increase, the number of life-forms stays the same.

• As nutrients decrease, the number of life-forms stays the same.

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Which best describes freshwater on Earth?

• 1% of freshwater is available to supply living organisms with what they need to survive.

• 25% of freshwater is available to supply living organisms with what they need to survive.

• 50% of freshwater is available to supply living organisms with what they need to survive.

• 78% of freshwater is available to supply living organisms with what they need to survive.

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Which best explains the relationship between water stored in the ocean and water stored in groundwater?

• Water stored in groundwater enters the ocean directly as discharge, but ocean water does not enter groundwater.

• Water stored in the ocean remains separate from water stored in groundwater, and the two sources of water do not interact.

• Water from the ocean enters groundwater directly through the soil by infiltration, but groundwater does not enter the ocean water.

• Water from the ocean evaporates, condenses, and forms precipitation which enters groundwater through the soil by infiltration, but groundwater enters the ocean directly as discharge.

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Where is the majority of Earth’s freshwater found?

• polar ice caps

• rivers

• ponds

• lakes

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Which organisms found in the ocean produce eighty percent of the Earth’s oxygen through the process of photosynthesis?

• benthos

• phytoplankton

• shellfish

• zooplankton

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Which are the main sources of oxygen in ocean water?

• estuaries and kelp forests

• high tides and the ocean floor

• the atmosphere and marine algae

• the atmosphere and underwater volcanoes

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Why are phytoplankton important to marine ecosystems?

• They filter harmful contaminants from the water.

• They provide carbon dioxide to marine organisms.

• They provide a protective layer of shelter for marine animals.

• They are the primary producers for the ecosystems’ food webs.

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How does upwelling affect biodiversity?

• It increases biodiversity by increasing nutrients at the surface.

• It decreases biodiversity by increasing nutrients at the surface.

• It increases biodiversity by decreasing nutrients at the surface.

• It decreases biodiversity by decreasing nutrients at the surface.

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In which part of the ocean do the greatest number of organisms live?

• in the deep zone to escape predators

• near the shore to burrow in the sand

• close to the surface to be near the largest food source

• in the open ocean to regulate their bodies in cooler temperatures

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