Humans vs Bacteria Final Exam Prep

What is variation in a biological context?

• The process by which organisms produce offspring

• The differences in physical traits among individuals of a species

• The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce

• The movement of organisms from one place to another

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What is selection pressure?

• The force that causes organisms to migrate

• The environmental factors that favor certain traits over others

• The process of organisms choosing their mates

• The random changes in allele frequencies in a population

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In biology, what does fitness mean?

• The physical strength of an organism

• The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment

• The speed at which an organism can run

• The number of offspring an organism can produce

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What is differential survival?

• The process by which all organisms in a population survive equally

• The varying rates of survival among individuals in a population due to differences in traits

• The migration of organisms to different environments

• The equal distribution of resources among organisms

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What is a population in biological terms?

• A group of different species living in the same area

• A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area

• The total number of organisms on Earth

• A community of organisms interacting with their environment

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What does it mean to predict something?

• To observe an event as it happens

• To make an educated guess about a future event based on current information

• To record data from past events

• To change the outcome of an event

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What is a microbiome?

• A large ecosystem like a forest or ocean

• A community of microorganisms such as bacteria, living in a particular environment, such as the human body

• A single-celled organism

• A type of virus that infects bacteria

Which of the following is an example of selection pressure?

• Organisms living in an area with no dangers

• A disease that affects trees in a forest

• The migration of birds to warmer climates

• The growth of plants in a garden

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How does variation contribute to evolution?

• It prevents any changes in a species over time

• It provides the raw material for natural selection to act upon

• It ensures that all individuals in a population are identical

• It decreases the chances of survival for a species

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Why is fitness important in the context of natural selection?

• It determines the physical appearance of an organism

• It influences which individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce

• It ensures that all organisms have the same number of offspring

• It allows organisms to migrate to new environments

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