Pre-AP Biology

Which of the following best describes the process of translation?

• The conversion of DNA into RNA

• The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template

• The assembly of a protein based on the sequence of mRNA

• The replication of DNA strands

What happens when a stop codon is reached during translation?

• The ribosome continues to add amino acids.

• The ribosome disassembles and releases the polypeptide chain.

• The mRNA strand is degraded.

• The tRNA molecules are recycled.

The anticodon is located on 

• DNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though they look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated

• The proteins expressed in each cell are different

• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.

• The genome of the different cells changes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following components is directly involved in the process of translation?

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Ribosome

• Helicase

During translation, what is the function of tRNA?

• To transcribe DNA into RNA

• To carry amino acids to the ribosome

• To form the structure of the ribosome

• To splice introns from pre-mRNA

In the context of translation, what is a codon?

• A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid

• A sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that pairs with mRNA

• A protein that facilitates the binding of ribosomes

• A segment of DNA that initiates transcription

What is the role of the promoter region in the process of transcription in prokaryotic cells?

• It serves as the binding site for RNA polymerase to initiate transcription.

• It signals the termination of transcription.

• It is the site where ribosomes bind to initiate translation.

• It is the region where DNA replication begins.

Which of the following best describes the function of a spliceosome in eukaryotic cells?

• It removes introns from a transcribed pre-mRNA segment.

• It synthesizes RNA primers for DNA replication.

• It facilitates the binding of tRNA to mRNA during translation.

• It adds a poly-A tail to the 3' end of mRNA.

This can inhibit transcription by blocking the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA:

• enhancer

• promoter

• repressor