Kinetic Energy and Temperature

match the term to its deffinition

• Temperature

• 1. The total kinetic (motion) energy of the tiny
     particles that make up matter

• Kinetic Energy

• Average kinetic energy of all the particles
  in a material

• Thermal Energy

• 1. Energy of motion

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The temperature of a substance increases as___.

• the substance's mass increases

• the average kinetic energy of its particles increases

• the substance's volume increases

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

When temperature increases, the particles move __________.

• faster

• slower

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Molecules do THIS when they heat up

• Move faster

• Move closer together

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is temperature?

• It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance.

• It is the total kinetic and potential energy of particles in the substance.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

When temperature decreases, the particles move __________.

• faster

• slower

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Look at the image of samples A and B. All particles are the same substance and have the same mass. On average, the particles in sample A have ________ kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. This means the temperature of sample A is ________ the temperature of sample B. Which terms best complete the sentences?

• higher than

• less

• equal to

• equal

• more

• lower than

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A teacher performs a demonstration for their class using a metal ball and ring like the one in the picture. The teacher asks the students to explain what happens to the ball from step 1 to step 3. Which explanation is the best?

• The particles in the ball gained kinetic energy when the temperature increased, and this caused them to spread out and increase the size of the ball.

• The particles in the ball gained kinetic energy when the temperature increased, and this caused each particle to increase in size, so the ball expanded.

• The particles in the ball lost kinetic energy to the air when the temperature increased, which caused the particles to spread out and make the ball larger.

• The heat added particles to the ball, which made the ball increase in size.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Two beakers are filled with different amounts of the same substances at the same temperature. Beaker A is filled with 70g of the substance and beaker B is filled with 50g of the substance. Which of the following statements are true?

• Beaker A and B have the same amount of kinetic energy, but beaker B has more thermal energy.

• Beaker B has more kinetic energy, but they both have the same amount of thermal energy.

• Beaker A has more kinetic energy, but they both have the same amount of thermal energy.

• Beaker A and B have the same amount of kinetic energy, but beaker A has more thermal energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The following steps occur during the take off and flight of a hot air balloon. Put them in order of most kinetic energy to least kinetic energy.

• Step 3: The heat source remains on while the balloon is fully inflated and in the air.

• Step 2: The heat source is turned on, and the balloon begins inflating and lifting off the ground.

• Step 1: Before the heat source is turned on, the balloon lies deflated on the ground.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5