Unit 6 AP Biology

In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, which of the following will be found?

• A = G and C = T

• A + C = G + T

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of these reasons?

• Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many.

• Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, but eukaryotes do not.

Which of the following covalently connects segments of DNA?

• helicase

• DNA polymerase

• ligase

synthesizes short segments of RNA?

• helicase

• DNA polymerase

• primase

The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume all of the following except

• a gene from an organism could theoretically be expressed by any other organism.

• all organisms have a common ancestor.

• DNA was the first genetic material.

• the same codons in different organisms usually translate into the same amino acids.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the template strand

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the coding (sense) strand

What are the coding segments of a stretch of eukaryotic DNA called?

• introns

• exons

Introns are significant to biological evolution because

• their presence allows exons to be shuffled.

• they protect the mRNA from degeneration.

Alternative RNA splicing

• is a mechanism for increasing the rate of transcription.

• can allow the production of proteins of different sizes from a single mRNA

When does translation begin in prokaryotic cells?

• as soon as transcription has begun

• once the pre-mRNA has been converted to mRNA