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A pencil falls off of a desk. What moves the pencil toward the floor? 

• mass

• friction

• gravity

• speed

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

What can cause a moving object to increase its speed in a forward direction? 

• a force pushing on the object from the opposite direction 

• a force that continually acts on the object in the direction the object is moving 

• an increase in the mass of the object 

• a decrease in the mass of the object 

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

Which investigation will best test the effects of gravity on moving objects?

• pencils falling from the same height

• balloons floating upward from the same height

• a bicycle speeding up on a flat surface

• a ball slowing down on a flat surface

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Which best describes the role friction plays in the operation of a car?

• Friction makes a car go faster.

• Friction keeps a car from stopping.

• Friction turns the car in a new direction.

• Friction helps a car slow down and stop.

Rosa tried to pound a large nail into a board using a small hammer. Partway into the board, the nail stopped and would not move when she hit it. Rosa switched to using a heavier hammer, and the nail went into the board easily. Why did the larger hammer work when the small hammer did not?

• The nail could not push the larger hammer out of the way.

• There is more friction between a large hammer and the nail.

• The flat part of the larger hammer was wider, so it hit the nail better.

• The larger hammer had more mass, so it exerted more force when it hit the nail.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Suri places magnets on three identical toy cars to give them different masses. Then, Suri measures how far each car rolls when she launches it from the same starting point using the same stretched rubber band. The three toy cars are pictured in the following illustration. How will the force of the rubber band affect the cars?

• Car 3 will travel the longest distance.

• Car 1 will travel the shortest distance.

• Car 3 will have the least change in its motion.

• Car 1 will have the greatest change in its motion.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Tori tests how far three identical toy cars travel under three different conditions. The following diagram shows the conditions before each car is released. How is Tori controlling variables in her experiment?

• The mass and force will change for each trial.

• Neither the mass nor force will change for each trial.

• The mass will change for each trial, but the force will not change.

• The force will change for each trial, but the mass will not change.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A rock is balanced on the side of a long, sloping hill. Although the rock is very heavy, a gentle push causes it to start moving down the slope. How can a small force cause a large mass to move?

• To make an object move, the direction of the force is important, but not the amount of force.

• The push on the rock increased the amount of friction, so the rock started to move.

• The small push balanced the forces that were keeping the rock in place and caused it to move.

• The forces on the rock were balanced, and a small additional force caused them to be unbalanced.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Jack is pulling a rope to the left. Singh is pulling the rope to the right. The rope stays in the same position. Which of these best explains why the rope does not move?

• The two forces are acting in the same direction.

• The two forces are equal and balance each other out.

• Two forces cannot act on one object at the same time.

• The force to the left is greater than the force to the right.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Andrew put a rock in a bucket of water. The force of gravity acting on the rock caused it to sink to the bottom of the bucket. When the rock is on the bottom of the bucket, gravity acts on the rock and the bucket applies a force to the rock. Which statement best explains why the rock does not move?

• The two forces are balanced.

• The two forces act in the same direction.

• The force of gravity is the greatest force on the rock.

• The force applied by the bucket is more than the force of gravity.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4