Translation of mRNA to Protein

What is the role of the start codon in protein synthesis?

• It signals the ribosome to stop translation.

• It adds the first amino acid in the protein chain.

• It signals the ribosome to begin translation.

• It marks the site of DNA replication.

Which molecule is responsible for translating the genetic code into a protein?

• DNA

• rRNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

Why is it important for a cell in Henry's body to regulate the expression of genes involved in protein synthesis?

• To ensure that proteins are only synthesized when needed

• To prevent mRNA from leaving the nucleus

• To increase the mutation rate in DNA

• To make the process of transcription faster

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Imagine James is working on a genetic engineering project and introduces a mutation into the DNA sequence of a tomato plant. How might this mutation affect the protein synthesis in the tomato plant?

• It has no effect on protein synthesis.

• It may change the amino acid sequence of the synthesized protein.

• It increases the rate of protein synthesis.

• It stops protein synthesis entirely.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How does the genetic code ensure that proteins are made accurately in all cells of Michael's body?

• By changing the sequence of amino acids

• By allowing multiple codons for a single amino acid

• By using a different code for each cell type

• By using a universal code shared by all organisms

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Amino Acids link together to form?

• Carbohydrates

• DNA

• Protein

• Carbohydrates

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Translate the mRNA molecule for this gene:

C-A-T-G-T-A-A-A-C

• T-C-G-A-T-U-U-C-C

• G-G-G-A-T-C-U-U-T

• G-U-A-C-A-U-U-U-G

• G-T-A-C-A-T-T-T-G

What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?

• base

• codon

• amine

• serine

RNA is read 3 bases at a time. These groups of three are called

• codon

• anticodon

• code

• anticode

where is the site of translation ?

• ribosomes

• telomerase

• helicase

• primase