Simple Molecules and Extended Structures

How are scientists able to tell molecules apart?

• They use a special chemical solution

• They have to test the molecules in a lab.

• They are able to tell by the material molecules create.

• They identify molecules based on their unique composition and structure.

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What determines a molecule's atomic composition?

• The weight of the molecules and their properties

• The size of the molecule and its place on the periodic table.

• The types of elements and number of atoms in each element.

• The number of atoms in each element and the size of the molecule.

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What is the atomic difference between water (H₂O) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)?

• The only difference is that they have different structures

• Hydrogen peroxide has one more oxygen atom than water.

• The only difference is that they have different compositions.

• Atoms in water have stronger bonds than atoms in hydrogen peroxide.

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How many of each atom does a quartz structure have?

• 1 silicon atom to 2 oxygen atoms

• 10 silicon atoms to 50 oxygen atoms

• 200 silicon atoms to 3,000 oxygen atoms

• 350 silicon atoms to 350 oxygen atoms

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How do molecules in a crystal arrange themselves?

• Crystals of molecules always form in a spherical shape.

• Crystals of molecules form in a regular, repeating pattern.

• Crystals of molecules form in an irregular, diamond-like pattern.

• Crystals of molecules always form in a shape similar to a snowflake.

Which of these statements is NOT true of an extended structure?

• Extended structures include crystals and polymers.

• Extended structures are a type of complex polymer.

• Extended structures have subunits that occur in a constant ratio.

• Extended structures have subunits that are arranged in repeating patterns.

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How is carbon able to form both graphite and diamond?

• Diamond is a carbon polymer and graphite is a carbon crystal.

• Carbon can be arranged in different atomic-level structures.

• Carbon bonds with different atoms to form both graphite and diamond.

• Graphite's subunits have an irregular repeating pattern, but diamond subunits do not.

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Why do snowflakes have a hexagonal shape?

• There are six atoms in a water molecule.

• Crystals typically form in repeating patterns of six.

• It is very difficult for a liquid to freeze into any other structure.

• Their atomic-level structure is made up of crystals with six sides.

The term Chemical Structure is

• A count of the number of atoms in a molecule

• A list of all the elements that the molecule contains.

• The shape of the molecule that is built by bonding the atoms

• A way to tell where the molecule fits on the periodic table of elements

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If you were to describe the atomic composition of a molecule, you could say

• It has 3 Hydrogens and 2 Carbons

• It is in the shape of a pyramid

• It is cubic because of its many bonds

• It is cubic because of its many bonds It has a form like DNA

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