Force and Motion Unit Review

Which puck(s) experienced the strongest force when hit? How do you know?

• All three hockey pucks experienced the same force because they changed speed by the same amount.

• The black hockey puck; it is more massive and has the fastest ending speed.

• The purple hockey puck; it takes a stronger force to slow down a more massive object than to speed it up.

• The black and purple hockey pucks; they have more mass than the green puck, but changed speed by the same amount.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

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In which crash did the tennis ball experience a stronger force? How do you know?

• Crash 1; the force on the soccer ball was stronger in this crash, so the force on the tennis ball was also stronger.

• There was no force on the tennis ball. In each crash only on the soccer ball experienced a force.

• It was the same in both crashes. The soccer ball changed speed by the same amount in each crash, so the force on the tennis ball was the same both times.

• The diagram doesn’t tell you anything about the force on the tennis ball. It only gives information about the force on the soccer balls.

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Which skier(s) experienced the strongest force when bumped? How do you know?

• The skiers in the yellow and purple sweaters; they both gained the same force as they sped up, but the skier in the red sweater lost force and slowed down.

• The skier in the yellow sweater experienced the strongest force because he has the fastest ending speed.

• All three skiers experienced the same strength force because they changed speed by the same amount.

• The skier in the red sweater because it takes a stronger force to slow something down than to speed it up.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

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Which soccer ball(s) experienced the strongest force? How do you know?

• All three soccer balls experienced the same force because they changed speed by the same amount.

• The blue soccer ball; it takes a stronger force to slow down a more massive object than to speed it up.

• The orange soccer ball; it has more mass and the fastest ending speed.

• The blue and orange soccer balls; they have more mass than the black soccer ball, but changed speed by the same amount

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

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In which crash did the asteroid experience a stronger force? How do you know?

• Crash 2; the force on the planet was stronger in this crash, so the force on the asteroid was also stronger.

• There was no force on the asteroid. Only the moon and planet experienced a force in each crash.

• The diagram doesn’t tell you anything about the force on the asteroid. It only gives information about the force on the planet and the moon.

• The force was the same in both crashes. The planet and moon changed speed by the same amount so that means the force on the asteroid was the same in both crashes.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

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Which curling stone(s) experienced the strongest force when hit? How do you know?

• The blue curling stone experienced the strongest force because it takes a stronger force to slow something down than it takes to speed something up.

• The blue curling stone experienced the strongest force because it changed speed the most.

• The orange curling stone experienced the strongest force because it has the fastest ending speed.

• The yellow and orange curling stones experienced the same strength force because they both gained force, but the blue curling stone lost force.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

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Which skateboard(s) experienced the strongest force from Zerrik’s push? How do you know?

• The pink skateboard experienced the strongest force for two reasons: it is a more massive object and it has the fastest ending speed.

• The brown skateboard experienced the strongest force because it requires more force to slow an object down than to speed it up.

• The brown and pink skateboards experienced the strongest force because they are both more massive than the green skateboard and they changed speed by the same amount.

• All three skateboards experienced the same strength force because they changed speed by the same amount.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

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In which crash did the cone experience a stronger force? How do you know?

• There was no force on the cone. In both crashes, only the hockey puck experienced a force.

• The diagram doesn’t tell you anything about the force on the cone. It only gives information about the force on the pucks.

• It was the same force in both crashes; the hockey puck changed speed by the same amount in each crash, so the force on the cone was the same each time.

• Crash 1; the force on the black hockey puck was stronger in this crash, so the force on the cone was also stronger.

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CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER RESPONSE THAT INCLUDES CONTENT FROM EVERYTHING YOU'VE LEARNED IN THIS UNIT:

A satellite was in two separate crashes. In both crashes, the satellite had the same mass. Engineers want to know about the speed and direction of the satellite after the crashes. Why would the crash affect the motion of the satellite, and which crash caused a greater change in motion for the satellite?

• Crashing into the asteroid would cause the satellite to slow down, stop, or reverse direction, because it is a force in the opposite direction to the satellite’s motion. Whichever crash was a stronger force would cause it to change motion more.

• Crashing into the asteroid would cause the satellite to slow down, stop, or reverse direction because it is a force in the opposite direction to the satellite’s motion. Whichever crash was a stronger force would cause it to change speed more. The more massive asteroid in Crash 1 changed speed the same amount as the less massive asteroid in Crash 2, so the asteroid in Crash 1 exerted a stronger force because a stronger force is required to change the speed of a more massive object by the same amount as a less massive object. Maybe this means the satellite experienced a stronger force, too.

• Crash 1 caused a greater change in speed for the satellite. In a collision, both objects experience the same strength force, but in opposite directions. It takes a stronger force to change the velocity of a more massive object. So, since the asteroid with more mass changed speed the same amount as the asteroid with less mass, the more massive asteroid must have experienced a stronger force in the collision than the asteroid with less mass. This means that the satellite must have experienced a stronger force when it collided with the more massive asteroid (Crash 1).

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CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER RESPONSE THAT INCLUDES CONTENT FROM EVERYTHING YOU'VE LEARNED IN THIS UNIT: In a warehouse, the workers sometimes slide boxes along the floor to move them. Two boxes were sliding toward each other and crashed. The crash caused both boxes to change speed. Based on the information in the diagram, which statement is correct? In your answer, explain what the forces were like and why the boxes changed speed.

• When the boxes crashed, they changed motion because they both experienced a force that was opposite to their direction of motion. I know this because Box 1 reversed direction and Box 2 slowed down. Both of these changes in motion are caused by forces that are opposite to the direction the object is moving.

• When the boxes crashed, they changed motion because they both experienced a force that was opposite to their direction of motion. I know this because Box 1 reversed direction and Box 2 slowed down. Both of these changes in motion are caused by forces that are opposite to the direction the object is moving. I know that the more massive an object is, the less it changes motion from a given force, but there is no information about the force strength on these objects, so I don't know the mass of the box.

• Box 1 has more mass than Box 2. I know this because when the two boxes crashed, they experienced the same strength force in opposite directions. Since Box 1 had less change in speed from this force, it must have more mass than Box 2. That's because when the same strength force is exerted on objects of different mass, the less massive object will have a greater change in velocity.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2