DNA, Protein Synthesis, and Mutations Practice

1. DNA is copied during a process called ______________ which results in an identical copy of itself.

• a) Photosynthesis
• b) Transcription
• c) Replication
• d) Translation

2. Genes in your DNA contain instructions for assembling _______________.

• a) Proteins
• b) Nucleosomes
• c) Pyrimidines
• d) Purines

3. DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

• a) each with two new strands.
• b) each with one new strand and one original strand.
• c) one with two new strands and the other with two original strands.
• d) each with two original strands.

4. What do we call DNA replication since new DNA has 1 parent strand and 1 new strand?

• a) Conservative
• b) Dispersive
• c) Semiconservative

5. Unlike DNA, RNA contains...

• a) a phosphate group
• b) guanine (G)
• c) thymine (T)
• d) uracil (U)

6. What is produced during transcription? (Hint: DNA helps create _________.)

• a) tRNA
• b) Protein
• c) mRNA
• d) DNA

7. The order of nitrogenous bases A,T,C,G in DNA determines the order of ______________ which makes proteins.

• a) Phosphates
• b) nucleic acids
• c) lactic acids
• d) amino acids

8. In a portion of a gene, the nitrogenous base sequence is T-C-G-A-A-T in DNA. Which nitrogenous base sequence would normally be found bonded to this section of the gene in DNA? (Hint: Remember the Base pairing rule in DNA, A-T and C-G)

• a) A-C-G-T-A-A
• b) A-C-G-U-U-A
• c) U-G-C-A-A-U
• d) A-G-C-T-T-A

9. What happens during the process of translation? (Hint: This happens at the ribosomes)

• a) Messenger RNA is made from DNA.
• b) Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA.
• c) The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins.
• d) Copies of DNA molecules are made.

10. In eukaryotes, DNA:

• a) is found in the nucleus
• b) floats freely in the cytoplasm
• c) is wrapped within the ribosome
• d) is circular