Physical Science Review

When automobiles are designed, engineers try to maximize their fuel efficiency. Even with modern technology, today's most efficient vehicles can only attain about 30% efficiency. That means of all the chemical energy of the fuel put into an automobile, only 30% of the fuel results in car motion. Which statement best explains why this happens?

• Most of the energy becomes chemical energy.

• Most of the energy is transformed into mass.

• Much of the energy is transformed into heat.

• Much of the energy is destroyed.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

How is the balloon able to pick up the pieces of paper?

• Frictional force is overcoming gravitational force.

• Magnetic force is overcoming electrical force.

• Electrical force is overcoming gravitational force.

• Gravitational force is overcoming magnetic force.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

The part of an atom that would be found outside the nucleus is the _______.

• electron

• positron

• proton

• neutron

Scientists use rovers to study Mars. The rovers are able to move and collect information from different locations on the planet. The following image shows a Mars rover. One Mars rover is named Curiosity. Curiosity had a mass of about 900 kg and a weight of about 8,800 newtons when it was on Earth. If Earth has a stronger gravitational pull than Mars, what is true about the mass and weight of Curiosity now that it is on Mars?

• Its mass is the same, but its weight is different than it was on Earth.

• Its mass and weight are both different than they were on Earth.

• Its weight is the same, but its mass is different than it was on Earth.

• Its mass and weight are both the same as they were on Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Propose a method to compare potential and kinetic energy at different points on a roller coaster.

• Measure the speed of the coaster at various points

• Calculate the height of the coaster at various points

• Both A and B

• Neither A nor B

Tags

DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

How would you use the scientific method to determine the relationship between the mass of an object and its acceleration due to gravity?

• Calculate the force on different masses and measure the acceleration

• Drop objects of different masses from the same height and time their descent

• Increase the mass of an object while keeping the force constant

• Keep the mass constant and vary the force applied

Tags

DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

What is the result of a chemical reaction between vinegar and baking soda?

• Water

• Carbon dioxide gas

• Oxygen gas

• Hydrogen gas

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Which of the following is a chemical property of matter?

• Color

• Density

• Flammability

• Melting point

What is the main difference between a chemical change and a physical change?

• Chemical changes are reversible, physical changes are not

• Physical changes create new substances, chemical changes do not

• Chemical changes create new substances, physical changes do not

• Physical changes involve energy, chemical changes do not

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Design an experiment to test the effect of sunlight on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant. What would be your control variable?

• The type of plant used

• The amount of water given to the plant

• The amount of sunlight each plant receives

• The temperature of the environment

Tags

DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking