Protein Synthesis and Mutations

What process is occurring at number 1 in the diagram?

• Translation

• mRNA

• protein synthesis

• Transcription

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform are completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated

• The proteins expressed in each cell are different

• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.

• The genome of the different cells changes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What causes mutations?

• All of the above 

• mistakes in DNA replication 

• UV rays (sun exposure) 

• Carcinogens (cancerous chemicals) 

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

A point mutation that changes an amino acid codon to one of the three stop codons, resulting in a shorter and usually nonfunctional protein.

• deletion mutation

• insertion mutation

• nonsense mutation

• substitution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

ribonucleic acid; guides protein synthesis. single stranded.

• tRNA

• nucleic acid

• RNA

• DNA

type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.

• messenger RNA

• transfer RNA

• ribosomal RNA

type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

• messenger RNA

• transfer RNA

• ribosomal RNA

process in which mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled -the code of mRNA is translated into an amino acid.

• transcription

• translation

• amino acids

• ribose sugar

change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information

• mutation

• anti-codon

• codon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A sequence of three bases in tRNA that bind to a corresponding codon in mRNA and designate a specific amino acid during protein synthesis

• mutation

• anti-codon

• codon