Amplify Ocean Atmosphere and Climate

Fairview and Washington are the same distance from the equator, and both cities are near the ocean. The air temperature in Fairview is colder than the air temperature in Washington. What causes the air temperature in these places to be different?

• There is no way to figure this out.

• Who knows.

• The ocean water is much cooler than the air of Washington, so the ocean transfers energy to the air. This makes the air cooler.

• The ocean water is much warmer than the air of Washington, so the ocean transfers energy to the air. This makes the air warmer.

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Why would two locations on the coast with similar latitudes have different air temperatures?

• energy from the sun is always changing at the same latitude

• ocean currents can carry different amounts of energy

• ocean currents always carry the same amount of energy so the temperature is the same

• the sea floor changes the temperature

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Ocean currents move energy in the form of

• salt

• heat

• oxygen

• nutrients

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Which of these in NOT one of the reasons the atmosphere is important?

• it is where weather occurs

• it is where you can find the aurora borealis, beautiful lights in the night sky

• it contains gases needed for photosynthesis

• without it, sound could not travel to our ears

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City 1 and City 2 are the same distance from the equator, and they are both near the ocean. Using the information in the map, how does the air temperature of City 1 compare to the air temperature of City 2? Why?

• The same as City 2. Both locations are the same distance from the equator. The winds push the ocean water, and it turns to follow the coast past both locations, so the same amount of energy is transferred to the air.

• Colder than City 2. Moving air with only a little energy turns and follows the coast toward City 1. Moving air with a lot of energy turns and follows the coast toward City 2.

• Colder than City 2. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Energy is transferred from the air to the ocean at City 1 and energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at City 2.

• Colder than City 2. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Only a little energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at City 1; more energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at City 2.

Answer explanation

Winds blow warm ocean current and hits land and turns towards City 2. Winds blow cool ocean currents and hit land and turns towards City 1.

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What are prevailing winds?

• winds that move in one direction and are strong enough to move ocean currents.

• Ocean currents that move in one direction and are around enough to affect winds.

• winds that move in every direction and AREN'T strong enough to move ocean currents

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How does the Gulf Stream affect the climate in Florida and the United Kingdom?

• Florida and the United Kingdom have colder climates.

• Florida and the United Kingdom have dryer climates.

• Florida and the United Kingdom have warmer climates compared to locations at the same latitude.

• None of the above

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Oakland and Milton are the same distance from the equator and they are both near the ocean. Use the information on the map to answer these questions: How does the air temperature of Oakland compare to the air temperature of Milton? Why?

• the same as Milton. They are both near moving ocean water, so the same amount of energy is transferred to the air at both locations.

• the same as Milton. Even though the ocean water at each location is a different temperature, the same amount of energy is transferred to the air at both locations.

• colder than Milton. At Oakland, only a little energy is transferred from the ocean to the air. At Milton, a lot of energy is transferred from the ocean to the air.

• colder than Milton. At Oakland, energy is transferred from the air to the ocean. At Milton, energy is transferred from the ocean to the air.

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Earth’s climate system is powered mainly by energy from:

• Tilt

• The sun

• Latitude

• The rain shadow

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Movements of ocean water in a continuous flow are called?

• ocean currents

• global winds

• air mass

• front

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