AP Biology Unit 3

In cellular respiration, the energy for most ATP synthesis is supplied by

• high-energy phosphate bonds in organic molecules.

• a proton (H+) gradient across a membrane.

• converting oxygen to ATP

• transferring electrons from organic molecules to pyruvate.

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The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to

• act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water.

• yield energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the respiratory chain.

• combine with lactate, forming pyruvate.

• catalyze the reactions of glycolysis.

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Which cellular organelle is responsible for manufacturing ATP?

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

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What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration in the correct order?

• Krebs, Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain

• Glycolysis, Krebs, Electron Transport Chain

• Electron Transport Chain, Krebs, Glycolysis

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Which of the following happen during the Electron Transport Chain?

• High energy electrons travel down the ETC, pumping H⁺'s into the intermembrane space

• H⁺'s travel down the ETC, pumping high energy electrons into the intermembrane space

• Electrons diffuse through ATP Synthase, turning it so it can make ATP

Which of the following is NOT true regarding enzymes.

• They are made of proteins

• They lower the activation energy of a reaction

• They are non-specific and can only be used once in a chemical reaction. 

• The increase the rate of a reaction

This image shows oxidative phosphorylation, which is made of two steps. These steps are...

• ETC and chemiosmosis

• chemiosmosis and the Krebs Cycle

• ATP Synthase and Glycolysis

• Calvin Cycle and ETC

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The breakdown of ATP into ADP is useful because...

• It stores energy that can be used later

• The energy released by this exergonic reaction can be coupled with other endergonic reactions for cells to do work

• ADP is smaller and can be stored in cells easily

• It releases the least amount of energy, making it most efficient.

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Enzymes need certain environmental conditions in order to function properly.  What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

• they die

• they denature

• they change their amino acid sequence

• they work better

Cyanide is a toxin that stops the mitochondria from producing ATP. If cyanide got into your cells, the absence of ATP would cause

• an increase in chemical reactions because ATP will no longer be in the way

• speeding up of metabolic pathways due to lack of ATP

• a decrease in chemical reactions because ATP is needed, but the cell can use carbohydrates, proteins or lipids instead

• a slow down and eventual cessation of chemical reactions because ATP is absolutely needed for chemical reactions to occur

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