AP Biology Unit 2

Major component of the lipid bilayer cell membrane.

• Cholesterol

• Channel Proteins

• Phospholipids

• Glycolipid/glycoprotein complexes

The hydrophilic head of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

• Loves, polar

• Loves, nonpolar

• Hates, polar

• Hates, nonpolar

The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

• Loves, polar

• Loves, nonpolar

• Hates, polar

• Hates, nonpolar

The diffusion of water through the cell membrane along its own concentration gradient is known as ___________.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

• Photosynthesis

• Protein synthesis

• Energy production

• Lipid storage

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

• Ribosome

• Golgi apparatus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Lysosome

Explain how the structure of the cell membrane contributes to its function.

• The rigid structure provides support and protection.

• The fluid mosaic model allows selective permeability.

• The thick layer prevents all substances from entering.

• The solid structure allows for easy transport of materials.

Compare and contrast the functions of the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

• Both synthesize proteins; the rough ER also detoxifies chemicals.

• The smooth ER synthesizes lipids; the rough ER synthesizes proteins.

• Both store calcium ions; the smooth ER also synthesizes proteins.

• The rough ER detoxifies chemicals; the smooth ER stores genetic material.

Describe the role of ribosomes in a cell.

• They store genetic information.

• They synthesize proteins.

• They break down waste materials.

• They transport substances across the cell membrane.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

How does the structure of the cytoskeleton contribute to its function in the cell?

• Its rigid structure provides a fixed shape to the cell.

• Its dynamic nature allows for cell movement and stability.

• Its solid form prevents the cell from collapsing.

• Its impermeable nature protects the cell from external substances.