CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS-603

Glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease. This condition affects the glomeruli. Which of the following is found in laboratory results?

• Blood in Urine

• Glucose in Urine

• Bile in Urine

• Bile salt in Urine

• Nitrate in Urine

Which of the following exogenous marker for estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate?

• Creatinine

• Glucose

• Inulin

• Urea

• Uric Acid

Which of the following play an important role in blood clotting?

• Calcium

• Chloride

• Magnesium

• Potassium

• Phosphate

   

Potassium (K⁺) is essential for which of the following functions?

• Carbohydrate metabolism

• Fat metabolism

• Muscle function

• Protein regulation

• Regulates calcium levels

An endogenous substance assayed to assess the glomerular filtration rate may be described as being filtered by the glomeruli. It is not reabsorbed by the tubules and is only secreted when plasma levels become elevated. What is this commonly tested substance?

• Inulin

• Uric acid

• Creatinine

• Urea

• Creatin

A scientist is studying renal function. His goal is to determine humans' exact glomerular function rate (GFR). A substance that is neither absorbed nor released following filtration in the renal glomeruli can be used to calculate the exact GFR. Which of the following substances is most likely to be used?

• Albumin

• Creatinine

• Inulin

• Protein

• Urea

A Urologist advised his patient to have a creatinine clearance test. Which of the following samples will send to the laboratory?

• Serum and 12 hours of urine sample

• Serum and 14 hours of urine sample

• Serum and 24 hours of urine sample

• Plasma and 12 hours of urine sample

• Plasma and 22 hours of urine sample

A 49-year-old woman complaining of dysuria, polyuria, intermittent gross hematuria, and chronic low back pain. She had a history of pyelonephritis. Urine analysis revealed, a pH of 7.5, leukocyte esterase positive, nitrite positive, WBC 80-100/HPF, and RBC 10-15/HPF.

• Hydronephrosis

• Nephritic syndrom

• Nephrotic syndrome

• Renal stones

• Urinary tract infection

   

A complete cessation of urine occurs in acute tubular necrosis, bilateral renal stones, and surgical shock. Which of the following is correct regarding the statement?

• Anuria

• Oliguria

• Polycythemia

• Proteinuria

• Polyuria

When urea is retained primarily as a result of impaired glomerular filtration, what is it called?

• Nephritis

• Oliguria

• Polycythemia

• Polyuria

• Renal Azotemia