Electric Potential Energy

As a proton moves in the direction the electric field lines...

• it is moving from low potential to high potential and gaining electric potential energy.
• it is moving from low potential to high potential and losing electric potential energy.
• it is moving from high potential to low potential and gaining electric potential energy.
• it is moving from high potential to low potential and losing electric potential energy.

A proton is accelerated from rest through a potential difference V₀ and gains a speed v₀. If it were accelerated instead through a potential difference of 2V₀, what speed would it gain?

• 8v₀
• 4v₀
• v₀√2
• 2v₀

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

The electric potential at a distance of 4 m from a certain point charge is 200 V relative to infinity. What is the potential (relative to infinity) at a distance of 2 m from the same charge?

• 600 V
• 50 V
• 200 V
• 400 V

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Two protons are released from rest, with only the electrostatic force acting. Which of the following statements  is NOT true about them as they move apart? 

• Their electric potential energy keeps decreasing.
• Their electric potential energy keeps increasing.
• Their acceleration keeps decreasing.
• Their kinetic energy keeps increasing.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-5

A region of space contains a uniform electric field, directed toward the right, as shown in the figure. Which statement about this situation is correct?

• The potential at point A is the highest, the potential at point B is the second highest, and the potential at point C is the lowest.
• The potential at points A and B are equal, and the potential at point C is lower than the potential at point A.
• The potential at all three locations is the same.
• The potentials at points A and B are equal, and the potential at point C is higher than the potential at point A.

Which statements must be true about the surface of a charged conductor in which no charge is moving?

• The electric field is zero at the surface.
• The electric potential of the surface is zero.
• The electric potential is constant over the surface.
• The electric field is constant at the surface.

How much kinetic energy does a proton gain if it is accelerated, with no friction, through a potential difference of 1.00 V? The proton is 1836 times heavier than an electron, and e = 1.60 × 10^-19 C.

• 1836 eV
• 1836 J
• 1.00 eV
• 1.60 × 10^-19 eV

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

How much work must we do on an electron to move it from point A, which is at a potential of +50V, to point B, which is at a potential of -50 V, along the semicircular path shown in the figure? Assume the system is isolated from outside forces. (e = 1.60 × 10^-19 C)

• 1.60 × 10^-17 J
• -1.6 J
• 1.6 J
• -1.60 × 10^-17 J

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

A proton that is initially at rest is accelerated through an electric potential difference of magnitude 500 V.  What speed does the proton gain? (e = 1.60 × 10^-19 C , mproton = 1.67 × 10^-27 kg)

• 1.1 × 10⁵ m/s
• 2.2 × 10⁵ m/s
• 9.6 × 10⁵ m/s
• 3.1 × 10⁵ m/s

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

A 4.0-g bead carries a charge of 20 μC.  The bead is accelerated from rest through a potential difference V, and afterward the bead is moving at 2.0 m/s.  What is the magnitude of the potential difference V?

• 400 V
• 200 V
• 400 kV
• 800 kV

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-2