Cellular Processes and Cell Homeostasis

Homeostasis is necessary for a cell to survive. What is the definition of homeostasis?

• the eleimination of wastes
• the division of cells to form new cells
• the maintenance of a stable internal environment
• the process by which energy from the sun is used to make food

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Even when it is cold outside, the human body maintains an internal temperature of 37 degrees C. Which term describes the maintenance of a stable internal temperature?

• endocytosis 
• homeostasis 
• mitosis 
• photosynthesis

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The survival of cells depends on maintaining homeostasis. What will happen to a cell if homeostasis is not maintained?
  

• The cell will immediately divide.
• Cell processes will continue unchanged.
• The cell will eliminate wastes more efficiently.
• Many chemical reactions in the cell will slow down or even stop.

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Which of the following is something that all cells must be able to do to survive? 

• divide 
• use oxygen
• remove wastes
• make their own food

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The following diagram shows the basic steps of photosynthesis.  What label would you add to complete this illustration so that it shows all the substances involved in photosynthesis?  

• ATP
•  fat
• protein
• sugar

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Plant cells use photosynthesis to make food. Plant cells also use cellular respiration to get energy from the food they make. How is cellular respiration different from photosynthesis?  

• Photosynthesis produces ATP, and cellular respiration produces sugars.
• Photosynthesis requires oxygen, and cellular respiration requires carbon dioxide.
• Photosynthesis produces oxygen, and cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
• Photosynthesis requires energy from food, and cellular respiration requires energy from the sun.

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Cells use cellular respiration to get energy from food. In this process, oxygen is used to release the energy stored in food. This energy is then converted into a chemical substance, which cells then use as their energy source. What is the name of this energy source that all cells use?    

• ATP
•  carbohydrate 
• oxygen
• protein 

Animals use cellular respiration to get energy from food. Plants use photosynthesis to make food. How are these two processes connected?  

• They both require energy from sunlight.
•  They both provide sugars for cell processes.
• Each process uses the same substances to make energy.
• Each process depends on the products of the other process.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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During photosynthesis, plant cells use sunlight as an energy source. Animal cells cannot do this. What substance do plant cells have that animal cells lack so that plant cells can carry out photosynthesis? 

• ATP
• carbon dioxide
• chlorophyll 
• oxygen

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Cells can become damaged or die. What cell process happens to replace damaged or dead cells?  

• Cells divide to make new cells.
• Cells multiply by cellular respiration.
• Cells take in new cells through endocytosis.
• Cells grow larger to make up for the lost cells.

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