The water cycle consists of which of the following parts?

Evaporation, condensation, precipitation

Photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration

Erosion, deposition, weathering

Acid precipitation is caused by which of the following?

Release of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere

Increase in oxygen levels in the air

What is acid mining drainage? What chemicals cause it?

Acid mining drainage is the outflow of acidic water from mines, caused by chemicals like sulfuric acid and heavy metals.

Acid mining drainage is the process of neutralizing acids in water, caused by chemicals like sodium hydroxide.

Acid mining drainage is the removal of acids from soil, caused by chemicals like calcium carbonate.

Acid mining drainage is the addition of acids to rivers, caused by chemicals like hydrochloric acid.

Smog is caused by which of the following?

Burning of fossil fuels and industrial emissions

Types of mining include:

Surface mining, underground mining, placer mining, and in-situ mining.

Only surface mining and underground mining.

Only placer mining and strip mining.

Only in-situ mining and open-pit mining.

Reclamation is important because:

It restores land to a usable state after mining or other activities.

It increases pollution in the environment.

It destroys natural habitats permanently.

It prevents the growth of plants.

Deforestation is the removal of trees and forests. Where does it occur the most and why?

In tropical regions due to agriculture and logging

Selective cutting is important because:

It allows for the removal of only certain trees, preserving the overall health of the forest.

It removes all trees in an area at once.

It involves burning the forest to clear land.

It prevents any trees from being cut at all.

the process of planting trees to restore a forest

the removal of trees from a forest

What is the difference between rural and urban areas? Why should rural areas be preserved?

Rural areas are less populated and have more open spaces, while urban areas are densely populated and developed. Rural areas should be preserved for their natural resources and cultural heritage.

Rural areas are more developed than urban areas, and should be preserved for industrial growth.

Urban areas have more agriculture than rural areas, and rural areas should be preserved for urban expansion.

There is no difference between rural and urban areas, and preservation is not necessary.

Chlorofluorocarbons, which contribute to ozone depletion by releasing chlorine atoms that destroy ozone molecules.

Compounds that help in the formation of ozone in the atmosphere.

Natural gases that protect the ozone layer from UV radiation.

Organic substances that have no effect on the ozone layer.

An increase in Earth's average temperature due to greenhouse gases

A decrease in Earth's temperature

Which of the following best describes the advantages and disadvantages of using fossil fuels as energy?

They are abundant and provide reliable energy, but cause pollution and are non-renewable.

They are renewable and environmentally friendly.

They are expensive and difficult to transport.

They do not produce any greenhouse gases.

What are hybrid cars and why are they beneficial for the environment?

Hybrid cars use both an electric motor and a gasoline engine, reducing emissions and fuel consumption.

Hybrid cars are vehicles that run only on gasoline, increasing emissions.

Hybrid cars are vehicles that use solar power exclusively.

Hybrid cars are vehicles that do not require any fuel.

Recycling is important because:

It helps reduce waste and conserve resources.

Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source along with one of its advantages?

Solar energy - It is non-polluting.

Natural gas - It is easy to transport.

Nuclear energy - It produces a lot of waste.

What are landfills? What are their advantages and disadvantages to them? Is there anything released from landfills? If so, what is it?

Landfills are sites for waste disposal; they have the advantage of managing waste but can cause pollution and release gases like methane.

Landfills are places where crops are grown; they help increase food production and do not release any gases.

Landfills are water reservoirs; they store water and improve water quality.

Landfills are factories; they manufacture goods and do not have any disadvantages.

A method of recycling organic waste into nutrient-rich soil.

A process of burning waste materials.

A technique for purifying water.

What pollutants come from waste disposal? How are they disposed of/handled?

Pollutants from waste disposal include plastics, chemicals, and heavy metals. They are disposed of through landfilling, incineration, and recycling.

Pollutants from waste disposal include only organic matter. They are disposed of by burning in open air.

Waste disposal does not produce any pollutants. It is always environmentally safe.

Pollutants from waste disposal are only gases. They are handled by releasing them into the atmosphere.

Biomass is defined as which of the following? Why would it be used as an energy source and how?

A renewable organic material used as an energy source by burning or converting it into biofuels.

A type of fossil fuel extracted from underground mines.

A synthetic chemical used in batteries.

A mineral resource used in construction.

What happened in the 1930s that caused new soil conservation to be created/improved?

The Dust Bowl occurred, leading to severe soil erosion and loss of farmland.

A major earthquake destroyed farmland.

A new type of fertilizer was invented.

The Industrial Revolution began.

Define the following term: a. Surface water-

Surface water is water that collects on the surface of the ground, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans.

Surface water is water found only underground in aquifers and wells.

Surface water refers to water vapor present in the atmosphere.

Surface water is water that is chemically treated and stored in tanks.

Define: Aquifer - ____________

A body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.

A type of volcanic rock found in mountains.

A layer of soil that prevents water movement.

A reservoir built by humans for water storage.

Define: Reservoir - ____________

A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.

A small stream that flows into a river.

A type of underground cave system.

A device used to measure rainfall.

Define: Watershed - ____________

An area of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.

A body of water surrounded by land on all sides.

A narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas.

A region with extremely low rainfall.

Define: Nonpoint source pollution - ____________

Pollution that comes from many diffuse sources rather than from a single, identifiable source.

Pollution that is only found in industrial waste sites.

Pollution that is always caused by oil spills in oceans.

Pollution that comes exclusively from sewage treatment plants.

Define: Kyoto protocol - ____________

An international treaty that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

A trade agreement between Asian countries.

A protocol for internet data transfer.

A treaty to promote global tourism.

Define: CITIES - ____________

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, an international agreement to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.

Convention on International Transport of Exotic Species, a treaty for the safe movement of animals across borders.

Council for International Trade and Environmental Safety, an organization regulating global trade in plants.

Charter of International Trade for Endangered Species, a document outlining trade rules for rare animals.

Define: National Park services - ____________

A U.S. federal agency that manages all national parks, many national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties.

A private organization that funds wildlife research.

A state agency responsible for city parks.

A non-profit group that organizes hiking tours.

Define: Montreal Protocol - ____________

An international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances responsible for ozone depletion.

A trade agreement between North American countries to reduce tariffs.

A global initiative to promote renewable energy sources.

A United Nations program to combat desertification.

Define: Reclamation - ____________

The process of restoring land that has been mined or otherwise disturbed to a usable state.

The process of extracting minerals from the earth.

The process of planting new trees in a forest.

The process of building roads in rural areas.

Define: Renewable - ____________

A resource that can be used repeatedly and replaced naturally, such as solar or wind energy.

A resource that is only available in limited quantities and cannot be replaced.

A type of energy that is always harmful to the environment.

A resource that is created artificially in laboratories.

Define: Nonrenewable - ____________

A resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption, such as fossil fuels.

A resource that is always available and never runs out, like sunlight.

A resource that can be replaced quickly by natural processes, such as trees.

A resource that is created artificially in laboratories.

Define: Alternative - ____________

Refers to energy sources or technologies that are alternatives to conventional fossil fuels, often renewable and less polluting.

A type of fossil fuel that is extracted from deep underground mines.

A process of increasing the efficiency of gasoline engines.

A method of storing nuclear waste safely.

Define: Biodegradable - ____________

Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms and thereby avoiding pollution.

Unable to be broken down by natural processes and remains in the environment for a long time.

A material that is made entirely from synthetic chemicals and does not interact with living organisms.

A substance that is always toxic to plants and animals.

Define: Solid Sewage Waste - ____________

Solid material that is removed from sewage during treatment.

Liquid that is added to sewage during treatment.

Gaseous emissions from sewage plants.

Water that is filtered from sewage.

Define: Asbestos - ____________

A group of minerals made of microscopic fibers that are resistant to heat, fire, and chemicals and used in building materials, but hazardous to health when inhaled.

A type of plastic commonly used in food packaging and containers.

A naturally occurring metal used in electrical wiring and plumbing.

A synthetic fiber used in clothing and textiles.

Define: Carbon monoxide - ____________

A colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas produced by burning carbon-based fuels.

A green, sweet-smelling gas used in balloons.

A heavy, metallic liquid found in thermometers.

A solid, black mineral used in pencils.

Define: Smog - ____________

A type of air pollution that is a mixture of smoke and fog, often produced by industrial and vehicular emissions.

A type of water pollution caused by plastic waste.

A natural phenomenon where fog forms over rivers.

A type of soil erosion caused by heavy rainfall.

Define: VOCS - ____________

Volatile Organic Compounds, organic chemicals that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature and contribute to air pollution.

Very Old Carbon Substances, ancient materials found in fossils.

Variable Oxygen Compounds, chemicals that change oxygen content rapidly.

Vaporized Oil Components, substances found in petroleum products.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Natural Organic Association for Americans

Nocturnal Octopus Animal Association

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Monitors international atmosphere, climate, and oceans

Controls the international trade of endangered species

Environmental Science Proficiency Study Guide

Authored by Jenn Vulgamore

Science

8th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 9+ times

Environmental Science Proficiency Study Guide

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58 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following correctly matches the term with its example?

Nonpoint source pollution - runoff from agricultural fields; Point source pollution - discharge from a factory pipe; Thermal pollution - heated water from power plants; Groundwater pollution - leaky underground storage tanks.

Nonpoint source pollution - oil spill from a tanker; Point source pollution - acid rain; Thermal pollution - pesticides in rivers; Groundwater pollution - car exhaust.

Nonpoint source pollution - sewage from a pipe; Point source pollution - rainfall; Thermal pollution - fertilizer runoff; Groundwater pollution - wind erosion.

Nonpoint source pollution - factory discharge; Point source pollution - urban runoff; Thermal pollution - groundwater seepage; Groundwater pollution - sunlight exposure.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The effects of water pollution on the environment and humans include:

Improved water quality and ecosystem health

Harm to aquatic life and human health issues

Increased agricultural productivity

No impact on the environment or humans

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The effects of air pollution on the environment and humans include:

Improved air quality and health

Damage to ecosystems and respiratory problems

Increased biodiversity and cleaner water

Enhanced crop yields and stronger immune systems

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following lists correctly identifies 3 diseases caused by water pollution and 3 diseases caused by air pollution?

Water: Cholera, Typhoid, Dysentery; Air: Asthma, Bronchitis, Lung cancer

Water: Asthma, Bronchitis, Lung cancer; Air: Cholera, Typhoid, Dysentery

Water: Malaria, Asthma, Tuberculosis; Air: Cholera, Typhoid, Dysentery

Water: Diabetes, Hypertension, Asthma; Air: Typhoid, Dysentery, Cholera

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Compare and contrast developing and developed countries regarding how they protect their environment.

Developed countries generally have stricter environmental regulations and more resources for enforcement than developing countries.

Developing countries have stricter environmental regulations than developed countries.

Both developing and developed countries have the same level of environmental protection.

Developed countries do not protect their environment at all.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How can we conserve energy in our daily routines? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this?

By using energy-efficient appliances; advantages include cost savings and environmental protection, disadvantages may include initial costs.

By wasting energy; advantages include convenience, disadvantages include higher bills and pollution.

By increasing energy consumption; advantages include more comfort, disadvantages include resource depletion.

By ignoring energy conservation; advantages include less effort, disadvantages include environmental harm.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

We do not run out of water because:

water is constantly created by plants

the water cycle recycles water on Earth

oceans never lose water

rainfall only happens in some places

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

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