NC Biology Benchmark

Which transgenic organism has been used to clean up oil spills?

• bacteria

• fungus

• jellyfish

• paramecia

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Multicellular eukaryotic autotrophs belong to which kingdom?

• Animalia

• Fungi

• Plantae

• Protista

Salivary amylase is an enzyme in humans that breaks down starches. What substance would humans have difficulty digesting without this enzyme?

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• carbohydrates

Which best explains why the rate of biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?

• The activation energy increases

• The shape of the enzyme changes

• The enzyme-substrate complex forms

• The bonds between substrates are broken

What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain?

• membrane bound organelles

• linear chromosomes

• cytoplasm

• a nucleus

How are mitosis and meiosis similar?

• Both have two cell divisions

• both require DNA replication

• both produce gametes

• both involve crossing over

What carries the instructions for making amino acids in a protein?

• the nitrogen base on the tRNA

• the hydrogen bond between nitrogen bases

• the sequence of nitrogen bases on the mRNA

• the nitrogen base bonding on the DNA molecule

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Which effect could a mutation in mRNA have on the production of proteins?

• the protein produced will have a different identity

• the protein produced will have a coiled shape

• the protein produced will produce excess nitrogen

• the protein produced will produce excess water

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What would most likely be produced when a cell with eight chromosomes undergoes mitosis?

• two cells with four chromosomes each

• two cells with eight chromosomes each

• four cells with four chromosomes each

• four cells with eight chromosomes each

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Which adaptation do ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms have that mosses do not have?

• chloroplasts

• flowers

• stomata

• vascular tissue

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