Entropy

Rudi observed the changes in his backyard during the rainy season. He noticed that water vapor in the air was condensing on the grass and forming droplets. He also saw that the ice in his cooler was melting. Which phenomenon is spontaneous?

• Condensation of water vapor

• Formation of ice from water vapor

• Natural processes like melting ice or rusting iron.

• Photosynthesis in plants

In a classroom, Surya noticed that the desks were arranged in a chaotic manner, with some desks stacked on top of each other and others scattered around. He wondered, what does this chaos represent in terms of physics?

• Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

• Entropy is a measure of energy in a system.

• Entropy is the speed at which a reaction occurs.

• Entropy refers to the total amount of heat in a substance.

Which process shows the increase in entropy?

• Freezing of water into ice
• Condensation of steam into water
• Melting of ice into water
• Sublimation of dry ice into gas

During a science experiment, Maya mixed two chemicals and observed that the reaction produced gas and heat. What does this increase in energy and disorder indicate about the system?

• It indicates that the reaction is at equilibrium.

• It indicates that the reaction is endothermic.

• It indicates an increase in entropy.

• It indicates a decrease in entropy.

Which of the following scenarios represents a decrease in entropy?

• Burning wood in a fireplace

• Ice melting into water

• Gas condensing into liquid

• Water evaporating into vapor

During a science experiment, Arif observed the following processes. Which of the following processes is an example of a spontaneous increase in entropy?

• Water freezing into ice

• Gas expanding to fill a container

• Condensation of steam into water

• Formation of ice from water

During a science experiment, Adi noticed that when he heated a closed container filled with gas, the temperature increased. What is likely to happen to the entropy of the system?

• It will decrease.

• It will remain constant.

• It will fluctuate randomly.

• It will increase.

Which of the following scenarios illustrates a process that leads to a higher level of disorder?

• Compressing a gas into a smaller volume

• Separating a mixture into its components

• Mixing two different gases in a container

• Cooling a gas to form a liquid

Here's the following reactions:

1. 1. 2 NaN₃(s) → 2 Na(s) + 3 N₂(g)

2. 2. 2 H₂O₂(aq) → 2 H₂O(l) + O₂(g)

3. 3. NH₄Cl(s) → HCl(g) + NH₃(g)

4. 4. N₂(g) + 3 H₂(g) → 2 NH₃(g)

5. Which reaction has a decrease in entropy?

• 1,2,3

• 1,2 only

• 2, 3 only

• 4 only

Here's the following reactions:

1. 1. 2 NaN₃(s) → 2 Na(s) + 3 N₂(g)

2. 2. 2 SO₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 SO₃(g)

3. 3. NH₄Cl(s) → HCl(g) + NH₃(g)

4. 4. N₂(g) + 3 H₂(g) → 2 NH₃(g)

5. Which reaction has a decrease in entropy?

• 1,2,3

• 2 and 4 only

• 2, 3 only

• 4 only