Introduction to Blood

Human blood is composed of formed elements and plasma. Specific plasma proteins are responsible for protecting us from pathogens. Which of the following components of blood carry out this responsibility?

• albumin

• erythrocytes

• globulins

• hemoglobin

Human blood is composed of formed elements and plasma. The formed elements make up approximately 45 % of blood’s volume. Which of the formed elements play an important role in the clotting process?

• albumin

• erythrocytes

• leukocytes

• platelets

Human blood is composed of formed elements and plasma. Anemia is a condition that is attributed to a low oxygen carrying capacity. Which of the following blood components would one expect to be involved when a person is experiencing anemia.

• erythrocytes

• leukocytes

• plasma

• platelets

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Which statement explains how iron deficiency could impact the transport of oxygen in the blood?

• Individuals iron atoms carry oxygen and fewer atoms means less oxygen can be transported.

• Iron atoms in tissues attracts oxygen, causing the oxygen molecule to break off of hemoglobin and enter the tissues.

• Iron atoms are an important component of white blood cells which carry oxygen, therefore less oxygen would be transported.

• Iron atoms in the hemoglobin molecule bond to oxygen for transport which means there will be less iron available to build hemoglobin.

Blood is made up of two major categories: plasma and formed elements. Which of the following groupings correctly lists elements that make up plasma?

• platelets, leukocytes, and erythrocytes

• platelets, leukocytes, and proteins

• water, electrolytes, and proteins

• water, platelets, and hormones

Patient blood anti-A antiserum anti-B antiserum

Patient # 1 no agglutination no agglutination

Patient # 2 agglutination agglutination

• Patient # 1 = blood type AB, can receive A blood

• Patient #2 = blood type AB, can receive B blood

• Patient #3 = blood type B, can receive O blood

• Patient # 4 = blood type A, can receive A blood

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the process of hemostasis?

• Hemostasis involves platelets acting as plugs in the wound and hemoglobin closing the wound; a complication could be thrombosis.

• Hemostasis occurs when blood flows outside of the vessels; infusion of platelets causes thrombosis and eventually fibrin resolves the bleeding.

• Hemostasis occurs when platelets flood the area of a wound acting as a temporary plug and fibrin is formed to facilitate healing of the wound; a complication of hematosis is thrombosis.

• Hemostasis occurs when thrombosis begins and platelets allow the healing process to begin, but a complication of the process of hemostasis is when fibrin is present; an indication of improper healing.

Which organizational pattern correctly shows the order of hemostasis?

• blood coagulation, platelet plug formation, blood vessel spasm

• blood vessel spasm, blood coagulation, platelet plug formation

• blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation

• platelet plug formation, blood coagulation, blood vessel spasm

ABO blood groups are genetically determined and are based on the presence or absence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells. A blood transfusion occurs when the blood from a donor is infused into the body of a recipient. Depending on the blood types of each person, a negative reaction could potentially occur (agglutination). What would happen if a person with type A blood were to receive blood from a person with type AB blood?

• The recipient's antigens would react to the antibodies on the donor's red blood cells.

• The recipient's antibodies would react to the antigens on the donor's red blood cells.

• The donor's antibodies would destroy all of the recipient's red blood cells.

• The recipient's antigens would destroy all of the donor's red blood cells.

David was playing lacrosse when he was struck by a stick in the ankle. Which of the following statements best describes the body's response to this trauma?

• The site of injury swells due to infusion of platelets; blood gradually clots and fibrin becomes present.

• The site of injury swells due to infusion of fibrin; platelets and hemoglobin staunch the bleeding at the site of the wound.

• The site of the wound is where coagulation takes place; fibrin staunches the bleeding and platelets arrive to facilitate the healing process.

• Swelling is caused at the wound site due to the introduction of platelets; blood coagulates and the wound is considered healed when fibrin is present.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3