Biology CFA Review

A mitochondrion has two membranes. The inner membrane is highly folded, as shown in the diagram below. The folds greatly increase the membrane’s surface area. This improves the ability of the mitochondrion to do which of the following?

• move the cell through water

• digest metabolic wastes in the organelle

• convert solar energy to chemical energy

• produce ATP during cellular respiration

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

A diagram of a cell is shown. Which structure modifies proteins and lipids (fats) that have been built in the endoplasmic reticulum?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of the following describes the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane structure?

• phospholipid monolayer with embedded proteins

• phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

• phospholipid trilayer with embedded proteins

• triglyceride bilayer with embedded proteins

A student builds a plant cell model by arranging different foods in a bowl. In this cell model, what do the different pieces of food represent?

• substances that the cell consumes

• structures that perform different cell activities

• tissues that are formed by different cells

• configuration of parts during cell division

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have similarities and differences. All BUT one of the characteristics on the list below are similarities between mitochondria and chloroplasts.

List of characteristics:

~convert energy

~have its own DNA

~found in prokaryotic cells

~enclosed by two membranes

• convert energy

• have its own DNA

• found in prokaryotic cells

• enclosed by two membranes

1. An iodine solution is placed on the cut side of a potato. Within seconds, a blue-black color appears. What is most likely occurring?

• a positive test for proteins

• a positive test for starches

• a negative test for proteins

• a negative test for starches

Proteins that are synthesized in ribosomal subunits undergo extensive post-translational modification and are packaged and directed to the appropriate destination. Which structural component of a cell is involved in such modification?

• endoplasmic reticulum

• lysosomes

• mitochondria

• golgi apparatus

What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?

• It will be unable to carry out respiration

• It will lose water through osmosis.

• It will break down the ribosomes in the cell.

• It will be unable to photosynthesize.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Which component of the cell membrane functions to actively transport molecules into the cell?

• carbohydrate

• cytoplasm

• phospholipid

• protein

A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped

• Osmosis

• photosynthesis

• protein synthesis

• respiration

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6