Mount St. Helens: A Story of Succession

Which statement best describes ecological succession?

• It occurs after a disturbance.

• No idea

On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens in Washington State experienced a huge volcanic eruption after a magnitude 5.1 earthquake. During the eruption, hot ash and pumice poured down the west, south, and east sides of the mountain, melting the snow and ice at the top of the volcano and producing volcanic mudflows. Which type of process first occurred in the ecosystem around Mount St. Helens after it erupted?

• primary succession

• I have to review the lesson again

What is the role of a pioneer species in primary succession?

• to produce the soil

• I need to review the topic

What is most likely to result immediately after a rainforest in Brazil is clear-cut?

• secondary succession

• I need to review the topic

Why are lichens a good pioneer species after a volcanic eruption?

• They are able to grow on bare rock.

• They will grow inside the volcano at a higher temperature

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which factor can cause secondary succession?

• clear cutting

• I need to review the lesson again

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

How does a whale fall community affect ocean sediment?

• The decomposition of the whale enriches the sediment.

• I have no Idea!

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

In one species of bird, there are three varieties of feather color. What is this an example of?

• genetic diversity

• I need to google it, because I do not know

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which is one event that may lead to Primary succession?

• volcanic eruption

• I need to review the lesson again

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which of the following is a growing threat to animals that are believed to be critical to the success of natural remedies?

• poaching by hunters

• I have no Idea

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5