Waves and Energy Transfer

This is a wave pattern diagram for two transverse waves. How do the waves compare?

• 
  Both waves have the same frequency.
• 
  Both waves have the same wavelength
• Wave 1 has a longer wavelength than Wave 2.
• 
  Wave 1 has a higher frequency than Wave 2.

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1

Why does sound travel faster through a solid object than in the air?

• 
  The atoms in the solid object are farther apart than the atoms in the air.
• he atoms in the solid object are closer together than the atoms in the air.
• 
  The atoms are smaller in the solid object than the atoms in the air.
• The atoms are larger in the solid object than the atoms in the air.

How are electromagnetic waves, a type of transverse wave, different from other waves?

• They have very short wavelengths.
• They transmit energy instead of matter.
• 
  They can travel through a vacuum and through matter.
• 
  They can change direction by reflection when they strike an object.

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This illustration shows three different waves traveling through the same medium. How do the waves differ from one another?

• 
  The waves travel at different speeds.
• 
  The waves have different wavelengths.
• The waves carry different amounts of energy.
• The waves are a different distance from the source.

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1

Which statement correctly describes how a sound wave travels through air?

• 
  The wave carries molecules of air away from the source of the sound.
• 
  The wave carries energy that causes molecules to move back and forth.
• 
  The wave carries a molecule in one direction until it collides with another molecule.
• The wave moves through the air and gains energy from the moving molecules that it touches.

Look at this illustration of a wave. Which points on the wave are the trough and the crest?

• 
  Point W is a trough; Point Y is a crest.Point W is a trough; Point Y is a crest.
• Point Y is a trough; Point W is a crest.
• Point Y is a trough; Point X is a crest.
• 
  Point W is a trough; Point Z is a crest.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

What causes a seismic wave?

• 
  sudden breaking of rock as it releases potential energy
• very loud sound waves from the atmosphere entering the ground
• growing pressure on rocks from the weight of material above them
• 
  energy transferred into Earth from the Sun as electromagnetic waves

This illustration shows a sound wave traveling from a tuning fork through a medium. What parts of the wave are labeled X and Y?

• 
  X represents the compressions; Y represents the rarefactions.
• 
  X represents the rarefactions; Y represents the compressions.
• 
  X represents the compressions; Y represents the wavelength.
• 
  X represents the rarefactions; Y represents the wavelength.

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1

Which of these factors affects how fast a sound wave moves?

• 
  the kind of material it is moving through
• the amplitude of the sound wave’s vibrations
• 
  the wavelength of the disturbance in the medium
• 
  the type of motion that caused the sound wave to form

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1

The illustration shows a transverse wave. Which bar measures the wavelength of the wave?

• bar W
• 
  bar X
• bar Y
• bar Z

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