Biology Cell Structure and Biochemistry

This graph shows that

• more enzymes are present at a higher pH

• pepsin is less sensitive to pH than trypsin

• pepsin is less effective at low pH than trypsin

• pH affects the activity rate of enzymes

Which of the following macromolecules are a prominent part of animal tissues that function in insulation, helping animals conserve heat?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

• Enzymes bond with substrates to create the new reaction products.

• Enzymes act as products to create new chemical reactions.

• Enzymes act as substrates when the necessary proteins are unavailable.

• Enzymes act as catalysts to drive chemical reactions forward.

According to the graph, addition of the enzyme amylase causes the reaction to

• give off heat

• slow down

• speed up

• take in heat

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Peroxidase is an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide in cells. It accomplishes this because of its structure. What part of the enzyme is involved in catalytic activity?

• Binding pocket

• Active site

• Pleated sheet

• Quaternary structure

Proteins are formed from monomers (subunits) called

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

• nucleotides

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate

• actively interferes with other substrates around it

• has a specific activation site for enzyme attachment

• can only use a specific ionic bond with the enzyme

• destroys its specific enzyme

Most cellular activities are processes regulated by the action of

• polysaccharides

• lipids

• carbohydrates

• enzymes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Amino acids link together by peptide bonds to form proteins. In which cellular organelle would this process occur?

• Mitochondrion

• Ribosome

• Lysosome

• Golgi Body

Both lipids and carbohydrates are important in animal cells because both

• contain nitrogen

• provide insulation

• store energy

• form cell walls