Module 13 Biology

The respiratory system compensates for changes in the pH level by directly altering the levels of:

• CO2

•  H2O

• H2CO3

• HCO3

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The normal serum pH is around

• 6

• 7

• 8

• 9

Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major buffering system in extracellular fluid?

• Carbon dioxide/oxygen

• Carbonic acid/bicarbonate

• Sodium/potassium

• Hydrogen/albumin

The acid-base balance is regulated by the lungs and the:

• cerebellum

• electrolytes

• kidneys

• liver

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Which of the following in NOT considered an electrolyte?

• Sodium

• Chloride

• Glucose

• Potassium

The patient who was admitted after vomiting for 3 days would show an abnormally low blood pressure because of a fluid shift from:

• intracellular to interstitial

• interstitial to bloodstream

• bloodstream to interstitial

• interstitial to intracellular

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea is losing excessive hydrogen ions. This patient is at risk for developing:

• respiratory alkalosis.

• respiratory acidosis.

• metabolic alkalosis.

• metabolic acidosis

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The body responds to low body fluid levels and increased osmolality with what actions?

• Diarrhea

• Sweat

• Tears

• Thirst

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Refers to the pathologic process causing a relative excess of acid in the body

• acidosis

• alkalosis

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Potassium is regulated through what mechanisms?

• ADH causes a retention of potassium.

• Renin–angiotensin causes an increased retention of potassium.

• The thalamus causes potassium secretion.

• Aldosterone causes potassium loss in the kidneys.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3