AP Biology Protein Synthesis and Mutations

The synthesis of RNA using information in the DNA

• primary transcript

• messenger RNA (mRNA)

• translation 

• transcription

snRNPs join with additional proteins to form an even larger assembly called a ______. This larger molecule is responsible for removing introns.

• Nuclear protein
• ribosome
• spliceosome

• polyribosome

This molecule moves amino acids from the cytoplasmic pool of amino acids to a growing polypeptide in a ribosome.

• mRNA
• rRNA
• snDNA
• tRNA

The DNA sequence where RNA polymerase attaches and initiates transcription

• transcription unit

• promoter

• terminator

• transcription factors

An enzyme that separates the two strands of DNA apart and joins together RNA nucleotides to the DNA template strand

• RNA polymerase

• DNA ligase

• DNA helicase

• codons 

The synthesis of a polypeptide using the information in the mRNA

• messenger RNA (mRNA)

• transcription

• translation 

• transcript

The genetic instruction system in which a set of three-nucleotide-long words specify the amino acids for polypeptide chains

• What is etic engineering

• transcript initiation complex

• exons

• triplet code

A type of RNA that carries genetic message from the DNA to the protein-synthesizing machinery of the cell

• RNA processing

• messenger RNA (mRNA)

• ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• RNA splicing 

A  complex rRNA and protein molecules that functions as a site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consist of a large and a small sub-unit 

• ribosomal RNA 

• spliceosomes

• sticky ends

• ribosomes

The DNA strand that provides the pattern for the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript 

• template strand

• triplet code

• DNA ligase

• ribosome