Relationships and Biodiversity

High biodiversity is 

• having a lot of the same organism.
• having a few of the same organism.
• having a lot of variety of different organisms.
• only having one of each organism. 

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Scientists attempted to determine the evolutionary relationships between three different finch species, A , B , and C . In order to do this, they examined the physical characteristics and DNA of these species. DNA was extracted from all three species and analyzed using gel electrophoresis. The results are shown in the diagram. Which statement best describes the method used above to determine the evolutionary relationships between three species of finches?

• Examine the structure of the beaks and compare them.

• Observe behavioral and physical characteristics of all the finches and group them by similarities.

• Obtain molecular evidence from all three species and identify similarities.

• Compare common ancestors of all three of the species to see if they are the same.

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Which chemicals are used to cut DNA into fragments for a gel electrophoresis procedure?

• molecular bases

• enzymes

• hormones

• ATP molecules

A laboratory setup that can be used to provide information about relationships between the liquid extract of four plant species is represented below. This setup is part of the technique known as

• electrophoresis

• biological staining

• dissection

• chromatography

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

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Protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest a 

• coincidence
• lack of evolutionary relationship
• great number of mutations
• shared ancestry

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If I wanted to look at DNA to study evolution, I am using what for BEST evidence?

• comparative anatomy
• embryology
• fossil record
• molecular

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According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 

• Amphibians
• Ray finned fish
• Crocodiles
• Birds

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Which evidence should receive the most emphasis when determining the relatedness?

• genetic sequence

• the presence of an enzyme

• plant pigments

• structural characteristics of the stems

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What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

• helps cut DNA
• count the genes in DNA
• separates DNA based on size
• allows for an exact replicated organism