MOY 4th Grade Earth and Space Science Part 1

The photo below shows several different types of minerals. Which is an example of a test that could be performed to tell them apart?

• Put the rocks in water to see if they float. 

• Scratch the rocks with a known mineral to test the hardness. 

• Drop them to see if they bounce. 

• 
  Throw them to see how far they can go. 

Haley tests the streak of two mineral samples using a streak plate. Both minerals leave a pale-yellow streak. Which of the following might Haley conclude about the two mineral samples?

• 
  They both have a dull luster. 

• 
  They are very soft minerals. 

• 
  They could be the same mineral. 

• They most likely are the same color. 

Kenji is writing some observations of different samples in his mineral collection. Which of the following terms can be used to describe luster?

• 
  earthy and coarse

• glassy and metallic

• grainy and rough

• 
  metallic and smooth

The students in Miss Montoya’s class made this poster showing items that people use in their everyday lives.

Which of the items come from renewable resources?

• jeans and notebook paper

• motor oil and gasoline

• 
  notebook paper and plastic bottle

• 
  plastic bottle and motor oil

The chart below shows different types of resources. How are these types of resources different?

• Renewable resources can be used over, but nonrenewable resources will run out some day.

• Renewable resources are stronger than nonrenewable resources.

• Nonrenewable resources are safer for people to use than renewable resources.

• 
  Both types of resources are the same and have no differences.

What is a disadvantage of using a nonrenewable resource, such as oil energy?

• 
  The resource is inconvenient to use. 

• 
  The resource is more expensive than a renewable resource.

• 
  The resource cannot be easily replaced after it is used up. 

• 
  The resource exists only as a solid, not a liquid or gas. 

Manuel is using glass marbles as a model of rocks. He wants to show how ice can weather rocks. His plan is to cover the marbles with water and then freeze them. Which glass marbles would be most useful for Manuel to use?

• 
  the strongest marbles possible 

• 
  marbles of only one size

• marbles that are only brown and gray

• marbles that have thin cracks in their surface

Wind, water, and ice are often involved in weathering and erosion, which can cause changes on Earth. However, weathering and erosion are different processes. Which of the following statements best describes how these two processes differ?

Responses

• 
  

• 
  Weathering is a much quicker process than erosion.

• Weathering breaks rocks apart, while erosion moves rocks or sediment from place to place.

• 
  Weathering moves rocks and sediments from place to place, while erosion breaks rocks apart.

• 
  Weathering moves rocks without breaking them, while erosion breaks rocks apart before moving them.

Earth has a great variety of surface features that are caused by weathering and erosion. Which one of the following describes a change to Earth’s surface caused only by weathering?

• 
  ocean waves washing sand off the beach

• rivers carrying soil and rocks through valleys

• 
  tree roots breaking rocks into smaller pieces of rock

• wind blowing sand and pebbles off a sand dune