Chapter 14.2 Protein Synthesis

What is the process called where the sequence of codons in mRNA is used to assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

• Mutation

What is the start codon that signals the beginning of translation?

• UAA

• UGA

• AUG

• UAG

Which molecule carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

• DNA

What is the term for a set of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a single amino acid?

• Anticodon

• Codon

• Nucleotide

• Gene

What are the components of ribosomes?

• DNA and proteins

• mRNA and tRNA

• rRNA and proteins

• Amino acids and lipids

What is the role of the large subunit of a ribosome?

• Binds to mRNA

• Synthesizes DNA

• Has three binding sites for tRNA

• Transports amino acids

What signals the end of translation?

• Start Codon

• Stop Codon

• Anticodon

• Promoter

What is the function of an anticodon?

• It is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA.

• It is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that is complementary to an mRNA codon.

• It signals the start of DNA replication.

• It is a sequence of amino acids in a protein.

What is the genetic code read in?

• Single bases

• Two bases at a time

• Three bases at a time

• Four bases at a time

What determines the structure and function of different proteins?

• The sequence of nucleotides in DNA

• The sequence of amino acids

• The number of ribosomes

• The length of mRNA

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