Chapter 14.1 RNA

What is the primary role of RNA in the cell?

• To store genetic information

• To synthesize proteins

• To replicate DNA

• To transport lipids

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Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• Transfer RNA (tRNA)

• Nuclear RNA (nRNA)

In eukaryotic cells, where does RNA synthesis occur?

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

Explain the process of transcription in your own words.

• Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

• Transcription is the process of translating RNA into proteins.

• Transcription is the process of duplicating DNA strands.

• Transcription is the process of breaking down RNA molecules.

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

• Thymine

• Adenine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

Compare the structure of DNA and RNA.

• DNA is single-stranded, while RNA is double-stranded.

• DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded.

• Both DNA and RNA are double-stranded.

• Both DNA and RNA are single-stranded.

What enzyme is responsible for separating DNA strands during transcription?

• DNA ligase

• RNA polymerase

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

Describe the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis.

• mRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• mRNA forms the structure of the ribosome.

• mRNA carries instructions from DNA to the ribosome.

• mRNA catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

Where do RNA molecules go after being synthesized in the nucleus?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes in the cytoplasm

• Golgi apparatus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

Match the type of RNA with its function

• rRNA

• A temporary copy of a gene

• mRNA

• Carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation

• tRNA

• Component of ribosomes