Australian Beginnings

What was one of the main reasons for establishing Australian colonies?

• To create a new trading partner for Britain

• To provide a place of punishment for convicts

• To establish a new monarchy

• To explore new scientific discoveries

Which colony was the first permanent convict settlement in Australia?

What belief underpinned the British colonial experience in Australia?

• The belief in equality of all cultures

• The belief in British superiority

• The belief in Indigenous superiority

• The belief in economic equality

Where did Captain Cook land in 1770, which later influenced the establishment of a penal colony?

• Melbourne

• Botany Bay

• Perth

• Brisbane

What was a significant consequence of the Industrial Revolution in Britain that affected the establishment of Australian colonies?

(a)  

• Decrease in crime rates

• Overcrowding in prisons
• Increase in agricultural production

• Decline in urban population

What were the 'hulks' used for in Britain?

• Warships

• Floating hospitals

• Prisons for convicts

• Trading vessels

Why did Britain stop sending convicts to the American colonies?

• The American War of Independence

• Lack of ships

• American colonies were overcrowded

• New trade agreements

What was the death toll on the Second Fleet to Australia?

(a)  

• 100 convicts
• 267 convicts
• 50 convicts

• 500 convicts

What was a major health issue faced by convicts on the Second Fleet?

• Malaria

• Scurvy

• Tuberculosis

• Smallpox

What percentage of convicts died on one of the ships in the Second Fleet?

• 10%

• 20%

• 30%

• 40%