8.10ABC - Savvas Review

Look at the image. Location A and Location B are both north of the equator, in the Northern Hemisphere. Both locations are at sea level. Which location has a hotter climate, and why?

• Location A has a hotter climate because it has longer daylight hours during the summer.

• Location B has a hotter climate because it receives more direct sunlight than location A.

• They are both north of the equator, so they have about the same seasons and climate.

• Location B will have a hotter climate because it is farther south, and it is hotter in the Southern Hemisphere.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which statement best describes how this surface current affects the areas it passes?

• As the surface current moves north, it absorbs cold air from the atmosphere and warms the areas it passes.

• As the surface current moves north, it absorbs water from the air and makes the areas it passes drier.

• As the surface current moves north, it releases heat and warms the areas it passes.

• As the surface current moves north, it carries more water to nearby areas and makes them wetter.

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Look at the diagram. Which statement most accurately explains how energy from the sun interacts with Earth’s atmosphere?

• A. When Earth’s atmosphere absorbs energy from the sun, it has more energy, so it moves around, causing convection.

• B. Energy from the sun warms Earth’s surface and is transferred to the air above it, which causes convection when warm, less dense air rises and cool, denser air sinks.

• C. Energy from the sun causes water to evaporate, and the water cycle carries heat through the atmosphere in a circular motion called convection.

• D. Radiation from the sun heats some parts of the atmosphere, which causes convection when hotter air moves to cold areas and colder air moves to hot areas.

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The Gulf Stream is a surface current that carries water from near the equator toward the North Pole. What causes surface currents and how does the Gulf Stream affect the climate of areas it passes?

• Surface currents are caused by the Earth's rotation and the Gulf Stream warms the climate of areas it passes.

• Surface currents are caused by underwater volcanic activity and the Gulf Stream cools the climate of areas it passes.

• Surface currents are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the Gulf Stream has no effect on the climate of areas it passes.

• Surface currents are caused by the Earth's magnetic field and the Gulf Stream causes extreme weather in areas it passes.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Convection in Earth’s atmosphere occurs because:

• Warm air rises and cool air sinks, creating a circulation pattern.

• The Earth's rotation causes air to move in a circular pattern.

• The gravitational pull of the moon affects atmospheric movement.

• Solar radiation directly heats the upper atmosphere.

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The amount of direct sunlight varies depending on latitude. Higher latitudes receive _______________________________ due to _______________________________.

• less direct sunlight; the angle of the sun's rays and the longer path through the atmosphere.

• more direct sunlight; the proximity to the equator.

• the same amount of sunlight; the Earth's rotation.

• more direct sunlight; the tilt of the Earth's axis.

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to ________________ while lower latitudes receive ________________.

• more sunlight, less sunlight

• less sunlight, more sunlight

• more rain, less rain

• less rain, more rain

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Which of the following phrases, in order of appearance, correctly complete the sentence?

Which statement accurately describes the movement of wind?

• The wind will move from the hotter areas to the colder areas.

• The wind will move from the areas with lower air pressure to areas with higher air pressure.

• The wind will move from areas with higher air pressure to areas with lower air pressure.

• The area with the highest air pressure will have the most wind.

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Why do these winds curve instead of going straight toward the equator?

• Because Earth rotates, the Coriolis effect occurs and changes the direction of the winds, causing them to curve to one side.

• Because Earth rotates, jet streams occur and change the direction of the winds, causing them to curve to one side.

• That area is hotter, so there is lower air pressure there, and the winds curve to the side toward areas with lower air pressure.

• These winds move curve to the side because the Coriolis effect causes lower pressure there, and wind moves toward areas with lower pressure.

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