Front

What is gel electrophoresis?

Back

A laboratory technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size by applying an electric field to a gel matrix.

Front

What does a restriction enzyme do?

Back

A protein that cuts DNA at specific sequences, creating fragments that can be analyzed or manipulated.

Front

In gel electrophoresis, which direction do DNA fragments move?

Back

DNA fragments move towards the positive electrode because DNA is negatively charged.

Front

What does the size of DNA fragments indicate in gel electrophoresis?

Back

Smaller fragments move faster and travel further in the gel compared to larger fragments.

Front

What is the significance of the smallest DNA fragment in gel electrophoresis?

Back

It helps identify the presence of specific genetic markers or mutations.

Front

How many fragments are produced when a restriction enzyme cuts DNA at a specific sequence?

Back

The number of fragments produced depends on the number of cut sites in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is Type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Back

A metabolic disorder characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin, requiring external insulin administration.

Front

What is the role of genetically-engineered bacteria in insulin production?

Back

They are modified to contain the insulin-producing gene, allowing them to produce insulin for medical use.

Front

What is recombinant DNA technology?

Back

A method used to combine DNA from different sources, often used in genetic engineering.

Front

What is the purpose of inserting a gene into a host organism?

Back

To express a desired trait, such as producing a protein or enzyme.