Biology EOC Review

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What is codominance in genetics?

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Codominance is a type of inheritance pattern where both alleles in a heterozygous individual contribute equally and visibly to the organism's phenotype. An example is AB blood type, where both A and B alleles are expressed.

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Why are mutations important in biology?

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Mutations are important because they introduce genetic variation, which is essential for evolution and adaptation in populations.

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How does carbon dioxide leave the atmosphere?

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Carbon dioxide leaves the atmosphere primarily through the process of photosynthesis, where plants convert CO2 into oxygen and glucose.

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What process provides most of the oxygen on Earth?

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Photosynthesis provides most of the oxygen on Earth, as plants, algae, and some bacteria convert carbon dioxide and sunlight into oxygen.

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How is carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere?

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Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere through processes such as burning fossil fuels, cellular respiration, and decomposing organic matter.

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What is photosynthesis?

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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

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What is cellular respiration?

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Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

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What is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

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The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle that describes the genetic variation in a population that is not evolving. It states that allele frequencies will remain constant in the absence of evolutionary influences.

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What is genetic variation?

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Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population, which can lead to different traits and is essential for natural selection.

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What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem?

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Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem and helping to maintain soil health.