Define the term listed below: Services

Intangible activities or benefits provided for consumer needs, such as healthcare or education.

Human effort, both physical and mental, used in the production of goods and services

Tangible items produced for consumption or use, such as food or clothing.

Non-physical assets or qualities, such as intellectual property or brand reputation

The branch of economics that studies the overall economy, including growth, inflation, and unemployment.

Define the term listed below: Labor

Human effort, both physical and mental, used in the production of goods and services

Intangible activities or benefits provided for consumer needs, such as healthcare or education.

Tangible items produced for consumption or use, such as food or clothing.

Non-physical assets or qualities, such as intellectual property or brand reputation

The branch of economics that studies the overall economy, including growth, inflation, and unemployment.

Define the term listed below: Goods

Tangible items produced for consumption or use, such as food or clothing.

Intangible activities or benefits provided for consumer needs, such as healthcare or education.

Human effort, both physical and mental, used in the production of goods and services

Non-physical assets or qualities, such as intellectual property or brand reputation

The branch of economics that studies the overall economy, including growth, inflation, and unemployment.

Define the term listed below: Intangible

Non-physical assets or qualities, such as intellectual property or brand reputation

Intangible activities or benefits provided for consumer needs, such as healthcare or education.

Human effort, both physical and mental, used in the production of goods and services

Tangible items produced for consumption or use, such as food or clothing.

The branch of economics that studies the overall economy, including growth, inflation, and unemployment.

Define the term listed below: Macroeconomics

The branch of economics that studies the overall economy, including growth, inflation, and unemployment.

Intangible activities or benefits provided for consumer needs, such as healthcare or education.

Human effort, both physical and mental, used in the production of goods and services

Tangible items produced for consumption or use, such as food or clothing.

Non-physical assets or qualities, such as intellectual property or brand reputation

Define the term listed below: Economic System

The structure by which a society organizes and distributes resources, goods, and services.

The economic theory that the value of a good is determined by the labor required to produce it.

The process of increasing interconnectedness and integration of economies worldwide.

An economic system where businesses operate with minimal government intervention.

The difference between the value of goods produced by labor and the wages paid to workers.

Define the term listed below: Labor Theory of Value

The economic theory that the value of a good is determined by the labor required to produce it.

The structure by which a society organizes and distributes resources, goods, and services.

The process of increasing interconnectedness and integration of economies worldwide.

An economic system where businesses operate with minimal government intervention.

The difference between the value of goods produced by labor and the wages paid to workers.

Define the term listed below: Globalization

The process of increasing interconnectedness and integration of economies worldwide.

The structure by which a society organizes and distributes resources, goods, and services.

The economic theory that the value of a good is determined by the labor required to produce it.

An economic system where businesses operate with minimal government intervention.

The difference between the value of goods produced by labor and the wages paid to workers.

Define the term listed below: Free Enterprise

An economic system where businesses operate with minimal government intervention.

The structure by which a society organizes and distributes resources, goods, and services.

The economic theory that the value of a good is determined by the labor required to produce it.

The process of increasing interconnectedness and integration of economies worldwide.

The difference between the value of goods produced by labor and the wages paid to workers.

Define the term listed below: Surplus Value

The difference between the value of goods produced by labor and the wages paid to workers.

The structure by which a society organizes and distributes resources, goods, and services.

The economic theory that the value of a good is determined by the labor required to produce it.

The process of increasing interconnectedness and integration of economies worldwide.

An economic system where businesses operate with minimal government intervention.

Define the term listed below: Income Distribution

The way in which income is divided among individuals or groups in an economy.

A strategy or blueprint outlining economic goals and how to achieve them.

A long-term goal or idea for the future direction of an economy or organization.

An economic system where resources and means of production are owned and managed collectively or by the state.

An economic system combining elements of capitalism and socialism, with both private and public sectors.

Define the term listed below: Economic Plan

A strategy or blueprint outlining economic goals and how to achieve them.

The way in which income is divided among individuals or groups in an economy.

A long-term goal or idea for the future direction of an economy or organization.

An economic system where resources and means of production are owned and managed collectively or by the state.

An economic system combining elements of capitalism and socialism, with both private and public sectors.

Define the term listed below: Vision

A long-term goal or idea for the future direction of an economy or organization.

The way in which income is divided among individuals or groups in an economy.

A strategy or blueprint outlining economic goals and how to achieve them.

An economic system where resources and means of production are owned and managed collectively or by the state.

An economic system combining elements of capitalism and socialism, with both private and public sectors.

Define the term listed below: Socialism

An economic system where resources and means of production are owned and managed collectively or by the state.

The way in which income is divided among individuals or groups in an economy.

A strategy or blueprint outlining economic goals and how to achieve them.

A long-term goal or idea for the future direction of an economy or organization.

An economic system combining elements of capitalism and socialism, with both private and public sectors.

Define the term listed below: Mixed Economy

An economic system combining elements of capitalism and socialism, with both private and public sectors.

The way in which income is divided among individuals or groups in an economy.

A strategy or blueprint outlining economic goals and how to achieve them.

A long-term goal or idea for the future direction of an economy or organization.

An economic system where resources and means of production are owned and managed collectively or by the state.

Define the term listed below: Public Good

A good or service that is nonexcludable and nonrivalrous, such as national defense or street lighting.

Moral principles guiding behavior, including economic decisions and policies.

Ownership of resources and assets by individuals or businesses rather than the state.

An individual who organizes and manages resources to create goods or services, often taking financial risks.

Someone who benefits from a public good without contributing to its cost.

Define the term listed below: Ethics

Moral principles guiding behavior, including economic decisions and policies.

A good or service that is nonexcludable and nonrivalrous, such as national defense or street lighting.

Ownership of resources and assets by individuals or businesses rather than the state.

An individual who organizes and manages resources to create goods or services, often taking financial risks.

Someone who benefits from a public good without contributing to its cost.

Define the term listed below: Private Property

Ownership of resources and assets by individuals or businesses rather than the state.

A good or service that is nonexcludable and nonrivalrous, such as national defense or street lighting.

Moral principles guiding behavior, including economic decisions and policies.

An individual who organizes and manages resources to create goods or services, often taking financial risks.

Someone who benefits from a public good without contributing to its cost.

Define the term listed below: Entrepreneur

An individual who organizes and manages resources to create goods or services, often taking financial risks.

A good or service that is nonexcludable and nonrivalrous, such as national defense or street lighting.

Moral principles guiding behavior, including economic decisions and policies.

Ownership of resources and assets by individuals or businesses rather than the state.

Someone who benefits from a public good without contributing to its cost.

Define the term listed below: Free Rider

Someone who benefits from a public good without contributing to its cost.

A good or service that is nonexcludable and nonrivalrous, such as national defense or street lighting.

Moral principles guiding behavior, including economic decisions and policies.

Ownership of resources and assets by individuals or businesses rather than the state.

An individual who organizes and manages resources to create goods or services, often taking financial risks.

Define the term listed below: Public Property

Assets owned and managed by the government for public use, such as parks or roads.

A cost imposed on third parties by an economic transaction, such as pollution.

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties outlining terms and conditions.

A good that cannot exclude individuals from use and does not diminish with use, like clean air.

A system or platform where buyers and sellers interact to exchange goods or services.

Define the term listed below: Negative Externality

A cost imposed on third parties by an economic transaction, such as pollution.

Assets owned and managed by the government for public use, such as parks or roads.

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties outlining terms and conditions.

A good that cannot exclude individuals from use and does not diminish with use, like clean air.

A system or platform where buyers and sellers interact to exchange goods or services.

Define the term listed below: Contract

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties outlining terms and conditions.

Assets owned and managed by the government for public use, such as parks or roads.

A cost imposed on third parties by an economic transaction, such as pollution.

A good that cannot exclude individuals from use and does not diminish with use, like clean air.

A system or platform where buyers and sellers interact to exchange goods or services.

Define the term listed below: Nonexcludable Public Good

A good that cannot exclude individuals from use and does not diminish with use, like clean air.

Assets owned and managed by the government for public use, such as parks or roads.

A cost imposed on third parties by an economic transaction, such as pollution.

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties outlining terms and conditions.

A system or platform where buyers and sellers interact to exchange goods or services.

Define the term listed below: Market

A system or platform where buyers and sellers interact to exchange goods or services.

Assets owned and managed by the government for public use, such as parks or roads.

A cost imposed on third parties by an economic transaction, such as pollution.

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties outlining terms and conditions.

A good that cannot exclude individuals from use and does not diminish with use, like clean air.

Define the term listed below: Substitute

A good or service that can replace another in fulfilling a similar need.

A measure of how demand for a good responds to price changes.

A good whose demand increases as consumer income rises.

A table showing the quantity of a good consumers are willing to buy at various prices.

The desire, willingness, and ability to purchase a good or service at various prices.

Define the term listed below: Elasticity of Demand

A measure of how demand for a good responds to price changes.

A good or service that can replace another in fulfilling a similar need.

A good whose demand increases as consumer income rises.

A table showing the quantity of a good consumers are willing to buy at various prices.

The desire, willingness, and ability to purchase a good or service at various prices.

Define the term listed below: Demand Schedule

A table showing the quantity of a good consumers are willing to buy at various prices.

A good or service that can replace another in fulfilling a similar need.

A measure of how demand for a good responds to price changes.

A good whose demand increases as consumer income rises.

The desire, willingness, and ability to purchase a good or service at various prices.

Define the term listed below: Normal Good

A good whose demand increases as consumer income rises.

A good or service that can replace another in fulfilling a similar need.

A measure of how demand for a good responds to price changes.

A table showing the quantity of a good consumers are willing to buy at various prices.

The desire, willingness, and ability to purchase a good or service at various prices.

Define the term listed below: Demand

The desire, willingness, and ability to purchase a good or service at various prices.

A good or service that can replace another in fulfilling a similar need.

A measure of how demand for a good responds to price changes.

A good whose demand increases as consumer income rises.

A table showing the quantity of a good consumers are willing to buy at various prices.

Define the term listed below: Demand Curve

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.

A good that is consumed together with another, such as coffee and sugar.

A good whose demand is unaffected by changes in consumer income.

A good whose demand decreases as consumer income rises.

A limit on the quantity of a good that can be produced or imported.

Define the term listed below: Complement

A good that is consumed together with another, such as coffee and sugar.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.

A good whose demand is unaffected by changes in consumer income.

A good whose demand decreases as consumer income rises.

A limit on the quantity of a good that can be produced or imported.

Define the term listed below: Neutral Good

A good whose demand is unaffected by changes in consumer income.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.

A good that is consumed together with another, such as coffee and sugar.

A good whose demand decreases as consumer income rises.

A limit on the quantity of a good that can be produced or imported.

Define the term listed below: Inferior Good

A good whose demand decreases as consumer income rises.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.

A good that is consumed together with another, such as coffee and sugar.

A good whose demand is unaffected by changes in consumer income.

A limit on the quantity of a good that can be produced or imported.

Define the term listed below: Quota

A limit on the quantity of a good that can be produced or imported.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.

A good that is consumed together with another, such as coffee and sugar.

A good whose demand is unaffected by changes in consumer income.

A good whose demand decreases as consumer income rises.

Define the term listed below: Per-Unit Cost

The cost associated with producing a single unit of a good or service.

Financial assistance provided by the government to support or encourage certain economic activities.

The amount of a good producer is willing to sell at a given price.

The total amount of a good or service available for purchase at various prices.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.

Define the term listed below: Subsidy

Financial assistance provided by the government to support or encourage certain economic activities.

The cost associated with producing a single unit of a good or service.

The amount of a good producer is willing to sell at a given price.

The total amount of a good or service available for purchase at various prices.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.

Define the term listed below: Quantity Supplied

The amount of a good producer is willing to sell at a given price.

The cost associated with producing a single unit of a good or service.

Financial assistance provided by the government to support or encourage certain economic activities.

The total amount of a good or service available for purchase at various prices.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.

Define the term listed below: Supply

The total amount of a good or service available for purchase at various prices.

The cost associated with producing a single unit of a good or service.

Financial assistance provided by the government to support or encourage certain economic activities.

The amount of a good producer is willing to sell at a given price.

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.

Define the term listed below: Supply Curve

A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.

The cost associated with producing a single unit of a good or service.

Financial assistance provided by the government to support or encourage certain economic activities.

The amount of a good producer is willing to sell at a given price.

The total amount of a good or service available for purchase at various prices.

Define the term listed below: Unit-Elastic Supply

A situation where the percentage change in quantity supplied equals the percentage change in price

The economic principle that as the price of a good rises, the quantity supplied also rises, and vice versa.

A situation where a small price change causes a significant change in the quantity supplied.

A situation where a price change has little effect on the quantity supplied.

midterm economics study guide

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Business

9th Grade

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Define the term listed below:
Tangible

Physical assets or objects that can be touched or measured, such as machinery or buildings.

Resources used to produce goods and services, including financial, physical, and human capital

The economic principle that resources are limited while human wants are unlimited

The branch of economics that studies individual behavior and decision-making in small units, such as households and businesses

A set of principles or ideas used to explain and predict economic behavior

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Define the term listed below:
Capital

Physical assets or objects that can be touched or measured, such as machinery or buildings.

Resources used to produce goods and services, including financial, physical, and human capital

The economic principle that resources are limited while human wants are unlimited

The branch of economics that studies individual behavior and decision-making in small units, such as households and businesses

A set of principles or ideas used to explain and predict economic behavior

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Define the term listed below:
Scarcity

Physical assets or objects that can be touched or measured, such as machinery or buildings.

Resources used to produce goods and services, including financial, physical, and human capital

The economic principle that resources are limited while human wants are unlimited

The branch of economics that studies individual behavior and decision-making in small units, such as households and businesses

A set of principles or ideas used to explain and predict economic behavior

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Define the term listed below:
Microeconomics

Physical assets or objects that can be touched or measured, such as machinery or buildings.

Resources used to produce goods and services, including financial, physical, and human capital

The economic principle that resources are limited while human wants are unlimited

The branch of economics that studies individual behavior and decision-making in small units, such as households and businesses

A set of principles or ideas used to explain and predict economic behavior

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Define the term listed below:
Theory

Physical assets or objects that can be touched or measured, such as machinery or buildings.

Resources used to produce goods and services, including financial, physical, and human capital

The economic principle that resources are limited while human wants are unlimited

The branch of economics that studies individual behavior and decision-making in small units, such as households and businesses

A set of principles or ideas used to explain and predict economic behavior

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Define the term listed below:
Opportunity Cost

The value of the next best alternative that is foregone when making a choice.

Inputs used to produce goods and services, such as land, labor, and capital.

A mechanism for determining how resources or goods are distributed, often based on price or priority.

A situation where choosing one option requires giving up another.

A factor that motivates or influences behavior and decision-making.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Define the term listed below:
Resource

The value of the next best alternative that is foregone when making a choice.

Inputs used to produce goods and services, such as land, labor, and capital.

A mechanism for determining how resources or goods are distributed, often based on price or priority.

A situation where choosing one option requires giving up another.

A factor that motivates or influences behavior and decision-making.

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