Front

What does the octet rule state?

Back

Atoms will tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have 8 valence electrons in their outer shell.

Front

What is a covalent bond?

Back

A covalent bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Front

What do the lines in covalent structures represent?

Back

The lines represent bonded electrons.

Front

Which element is an exception to the octet rule?

Back

Hydrogen is an exception to the octet rule.

Front

What electronegativity difference indicates a nonpolar covalent bond?

Back

An electronegativity difference of less than 0.5 indicates a nonpolar covalent bond.

Front

What is the definition of electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.

Front

What type of elements typically form covalent bonds?

Back

Covalent bonds typically form between nonmetals.

Front

What is a polar covalent bond?

Back

A polar covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared unequally between atoms.

Front

What is the significance of lone pairs in covalent bonding?

Back

Lone pairs are pairs of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom and can affect molecular shape.

Front

How do you determine the molecular shape of a covalent compound?

Back

The molecular shape can be determined using the VSEPR theory, which considers the repulsion between electron pairs.