Volcanic Eruptions and Ecosystem Services

Which region is known as the "Ring of Fire"?

• The Atlantic Ocean Basin

• The Pacific Ocean Basin

• The Arctic Circle

• The Sahara Desert

Which of the following is not a trigger for a volcanic eruption?

• Tectonic plate movement

• Magma chamber pressure build-up

• Human mining activities

• Interaction with water

Which of the following best explains why shield volcanoes have gentle slopes?

• They are formed from highly viscous magma.

• Their eruptions are primarily effusive, producing fluid lava.

• They are primarily composed of solidified pyroclastic materials.

• They are located near subduction zones.

What is the relationship between volcanic eruptions and oceanic crust formation?

• Lava cools to form oceanic crust at convergent boundaries.

• Lava cools to form oceanic crust at divergent boundaries.

• Lava forms oceanic crust only at subduction zones.

• Oceanic crust is not related to volcanic activity.

Which of the following volcanic hazards can travel the farthest distance from the eruption site?

• Pyroclastic flows

• Lava flows

• Ash clouds

• Lahars

Which volcanic belt includes Mount Fuji, Mount St. Helens, and Mount Pinatubo?

• The Mid-Atlantic Ridge

• The Himalayan Volcanic Belt

• The Pacific Ring of Fire

• The East African Rift

Which of the following is NOT typically emitted during a volcanic eruption?

• Water vapor

• Carbon dioxide

• Nitrogen

• Sulfur dioxide

What role does vegetation play in preventing mass wasting?

• It increases soil saturation.

• It stabilizes the slope by binding soil.

• It decreases infiltration rates.

• It weakens underlying rock layers.

A slump typically occurs when:

• A block of material slides along a curved surface.

• Rocks fall freely through the air.

• Water-saturated debris flows rapidly downhill.

• Loose soil slowly creeps down a slope.

Which type of mass wasting involves large amounts of water and occurs rapidly?

• Rockslide

• Earthflow

• Debris flow

• Slump