Statistics Ch4: Observations and Experiments

Front

What is the response variable in an experiment?

Back

The response variable is the outcome that is measured in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the explanatory variable.

Front

What is the explanatory variable in an experiment?

Back

The explanatory variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the response variable.

Front

Define an observational study.

Back

An observational study is a statistical study where the researcher observes subjects without manipulating any variables or conditions.

Front

What is a controlled experiment?

Back

A controlled experiment is a scientific test where one variable is changed while all others are kept constant to determine its effect.

Front

In an experiment, what is the purpose of a control group?

Back

The control group serves as a baseline to compare the effects of the experimental treatment, helping to isolate the impact of the explanatory variable.

Front

What is the difference between a sample survey and an observational study?

Back

A sample survey collects data from a subset of a population to infer characteristics of the whole population, while an observational study involves observing subjects without intervention.

Front

How do you determine the independent variable in an experiment?

Back

The independent variable is the one that is changed or controlled in an experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

Front

What is the significance of randomization in experiments?

Back

Randomization helps eliminate bias by ensuring that each subject has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, leading to more reliable results.

Front

What is a hypothesis in the context of an experiment?

Back

A hypothesis is a testable statement predicting the relationship between the explanatory and response variables.

Front

What role does replication play in experimental design?

Back

Replication involves repeating an experiment multiple times to ensure that results are consistent and reliable.