AP Biology Genetics Flashcard

Front

What is incomplete dominance in non-Mendelian genetics?

Back

Neither allele is completely dominant over the other.

Front

What are examples of non-Mendelian inheritance patterns?

Back

Incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, polygenic inheritance, and environmental influences.

Front

What is the impact of point mutations on protein synthesis?

Back

Point mutations can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of a protein, which can alter its structure and function.

Front

What is the inheritance pattern of cystic fibrosis in human genetics?

Back

Autosomal recessive.

Front

How does genetic drift contribute to population genetics?

Back

Genetic drift contributes to population genetics by causing changes in allele frequencies within a population.

Front

Define codominance in genetics.

Back

A genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Front

What is polygenic inheritance?

Back

A type of inheritance where multiple genes influence a trait, leading to a continuous range of phenotypes.

Front

Explain mitochondrial inheritance.

Back

A type of non-Mendelian inheritance where genes are passed down through the mitochondria, typically from mother to offspring.

Front

What is the role of environmental influences in genetics?

Back

Environmental factors can affect gene expression and phenotypic traits, leading to variations in traits among individuals.

Front

Define genetic drift.

Back

A mechanism of evolution that refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population, often having a more significant effect in small populations.