Methodology in ELT Research

What sampling does the researcher use to understand the public's opinion about a certain television show?

• Opportunistic Sampling

• Purposeful Sampling

• Maximal Variation Sampling

• Snowball Sampling

What is the example of Snowball Sampling?

• LGBT

• Teachers' Voice

• Policy Makers

• Ethnographic

Researchers applying for permission to study individuals in a qualitative project must go through the approval process of a campus institutional review board.

Which step was described in the discussion before?

• Seeking permission from the board

• Developing a description of the project

• Designing an informed consent form, and having the project reviewed

• All answers are correct

These are the observational roles discussed before, except..

• Role of a participant observer

• Role of observer

• Role of a non-participant observer

• Changing observational roles

Which one is the correct example of Clarifying Probes?

• "Could you explain your response more?"

• "I need more detail for this question."

• "Did you talk to the parents about it?"

• "Would you please mention all the examples?"

Which one is NOT included in the steps of conducting interviews?

• Use probes to obtain additional information

• Locate a quiet and suitable place for conducting the interview

• Determine the research design

• Be flexible and take notes all the time

What is the purpose of obtaining informed consent when collecting audiovisual materials?

• To speed up the data collection process

• To ensure ethical compliance and respect participants' rights

• To allow researchers verify the validity

• To reduce the variety of collected data

Among these steps, which one is the correct first step in developing a questionnaire?

• Testing the reliability of the questionnaire

• Defining the purpose and objectives

• Choosing a response format

• Validating the questionnaire

When do we use/choose critical sampling?

What is the difference between a participant and non-participant observer?