Chapter 1 Crypto review ADV

According to the book, which two statements accurately describe the relationship between the 'application' and 'implementation' layers of a software system?

• The application layer focuses on what the user wants to do, while the implementation layer focuses on how to make it happen technically.

• The application layer is always visible to the user, while the implementation layer is always hidden.

• The application layer is written in simple language anyone can understand, while the implementation layer requires complex programming languages.

• The choice of implementation for a system can have major impacts on the functionality and performance experienced by the user, like choosing different engines for a car.

Noah and Lily are trying to organize a group project, but they find it challenging to manage everyone's individual ideas and contributions. The book uses the metaphor of 'herding cats' to illustrate which two challenges of building a blockchain?

• Cats, like blockchain nodes, are unpredictable and independent, making it difficult to control their behavior.

• The blockchain aims to organize a group of individual nodes that don't accept or recognize a central authority.

• Maintaining integrity in a distributed system is difficult because the number of nodes and their trustworthiness is unknown.

• Cats are very good at keeping secrets, just like the cryptography used in the blockchain.

Which two statements about the blockchain are consistent with the information in Chapter 1?

• The blockchain is a specific type of cryptocurrency like Bitcoin.

• The blockchain is a technology suite that can be applied to a wide range of use cases beyond managing cryptocurrency.

• The book focuses on the general application of managing and clarifying ownership to explain the blockchain concepts.

• The term 'blockchain' has a single, universally agreed-upon definition.

Emma and Samuel are discussing the 'nonfunctional aspects' of software systems. Which two statements about these aspects are true based on the information in the sources?

• They are concerned with how the system delivers functionality, rather than what functions it performs.

• They can be just as important to user experience as functional aspects.

• They are typically handled at the application layer of a software system.

• They only matter to software developers, not to users.

Which two of these properties make distributed systems more challenging to build than centralized systems?

• They must be able to handle the unreliability of communication networks.

• They often require more computing power overall than a centralized system.

• They cannot achieve a high level of security.

• It is difficult to ensure that all nodes in the system have a consistent view of the data.

Maya is trying to prove ownership of a rare painting. The book states that proving ownership involves which two core elements?

• A detailed description of the history and origin of the object.

• A secure way to identify the owner.

• An official document from a government agency.

• A mechanism to map or connect the owner to the object.

What two insights does the book offer about the nature of ownership in the context of David's experience with digital music?

• Ownership is always clear and unambiguous.

• Ownership is often proven through trusted third parties like government agencies, which maintain ledgers or records.

• Digital goods cannot be owned in the same way as physical objects.

• Ownership can become difficult to determine when the records or ledgers are damaged, destroyed, or forged.

Which two statements about the blockchain-data-structure are correct based on the source material?

• It is physically organized like a book, with pages bound together in a specific order.

• It requires a central authority to maintain its order and integrity.

• It uses cryptographic hash values to link blocks together in a chain.

• It separates the ordering of transactions from the storage of transaction content.

Which two statements about 'digital signatures' are consistent with the information in Chapter 1?

• They rely on symmetric cryptography to ensure only the owner of an account can authorize transactions.

• They are used to prove that the owner of an account agrees with the content and execution of a transaction.

• They can be verified by anyone using the public key associated with the account.

• They use the same key for signing and verifying the transaction, similar to a handwritten signature.

Which two tasks related to designing a distributed ledger system are specifically addressed in Chapter 1 of the book?

• Programming a blockchain.

• Understanding the nature of ownership.

• Protecting the blockchain from 51% attacks.

• Discovering the core problem the blockchain is trying to solve.